Dentistry pathways of coronaviruses transmission: a review

Abstract

The nCoV-19 in a short period of time, in lower than two months has been spread as a pandemic in all over the world. This novel type of Coronavirus which shows itself with coughing, sneezing, fatigue and respiratory symptoms which is similar to cold illness has killed more than 100,000 people. However, many protocols have been established to minimize the number of infected people, but without any border and regardless the nationality, this virus has been spread in all countries. In this review, with broad mechanistic and interdisciplinary consideration the dentistry pathways of transmission, physiology, effective and available drugs and their biological inhibiting pathways have been discussed. Among many reasons that have caused higher rate of spreading, the dental services and surgeries involve to professional-patient close contacts could be seen as one of the probable pathways of transmission for this virus. According to the more recently reported literatures, the blueprint of many individual and instrumental reasons in dentistry, could be observed in nCoV-19 infection and spreading which raise the concern of the professionals about the efficiency of conventional antiviral methods. So, results of many studies attributed to the facts that the superhydrophobic antiviral materials and surfaces are potential candidates for designing dentistry instruments with more antiviral properties.

Bioaerosol distribution characteristics and potential SARS-CoV-2 infection risk in a multi-compartment dental clinic

“…During dental treatment, in addition to the droplets generated by communication, coughing, and sneezing among people [ [3] , [4] , [5] ], large amounts of aerosols contaminated by saliva and blood are emitted as a result of high-speed handpieces and ultrasound devices [ 6 ]. SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in the saliva of infected patients [ 7 , 8 ], and dental treatment can promote SARS-CoV-2 transmission [ 9 ]. Controlling the airborne transmission of pathogenic bioaerosols, including SARS-CoV-2, has become a key factor in reducing the risk of cross-infection [ 10 ].…”