In
this work, Bi2Te3 nanosheets treated with N-vinyl-pyrrolidinone showed highly sufficient and stable
photocurrent for being used as a novel photoactive material. Accordingly,
with CdTe quantum dots (QDs) sensitizing Bi2Te3 nanosheets, photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor coupling of DNA-amplifying
strategies was constructed for sensitive miRNA-21 detection. Initially,
the Bi2Te3 nanosheets on the electrode have
conductive surface states with dissipationless electronic property,
thus providing a highly stable photocurrent and a large surface-to-volume
ratio. Then, with the participation of target miRNA-21 and auxiliary
DNA, strand displacement amplification took place, thereby opening
substantial DNA hairpins for triggering the next hybridization chain
reaction (HCR). Through the HCR, long DNA tails decorated with CdTe
QDs could thus be assembled on the electrode for enhancing the photocurrent
of Bi2Te3 nanosheets. As a result, the proposed
PEC biosensor showed a wide detection range from 10 fM to 100 pM with
a detection limit of 3.3 fM, displaying a promising avenue to construct
simple, ultrasensitive, and stable analytical techniques and tremendous
potential in bioanalysis and early clinical diagnosis.