Depersonalisation/derealisation symptoms and updating orientation in patients with vestibular disease

Jáuregui‐Renaud, Kathrine; Sang, Fleur Yen Pik; Gresty, Michael A.; Green, David A.; Bronstein, Adolfo M.

doi:10.1136/jnnp.2007.122119

Cited by 67 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…There appears to be a complex, two-way interaction between vestibular function and affective state, which may be partly related to the contribution of the vestibular system to the control of autonomic function (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure, respiration) [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. This kind of evidence suggests that vestibular impairment may cause a multitude of changes in cognition, emotion and personality, which is consistent with some evidence that vestibular disease is associated with unusually high rates of depersonalization/derealization symptoms, which include difficulty focussing attention and thoughts seeming blurred (e.g., [16,17]). …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Since this study, many papers have been published documenting specific spatial memory and attention deficits in patients with different kinds of vestibular disorders ( [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]; see [25][26][27] for reviews). Given the severity of the symptoms in some vestibular disorders such as Meniere's disease, it is possible that cognitive dysfunction is an indirect consequence of symptoms such as vertigo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dyscalculia and vestibular function

Smith

2012

Medical Hypotheses

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyscalculia and vestibular function

Smith

2012

Medical Hypotheses

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“…This result seems to contrast with the greater occurrence of depersonalization-derealization symptoms in vestibular patients than healthy volunteers [64,65,67]. Jauregui-Renaud et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anchoring the Self to the Body in Bilateral Vestibular Failure

Deroualle

Toupet²,

Nechel

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Recent findings suggest that vestibular information plays a significant role in anchoring the self to the body. Out-of-body experiences of neurological origin are frequently associated with vestibular sensations, and galvanic vestibular stimulation in healthy participants anchors the self to the body. Here, we provide the first objective measures of anchoring the self to the body in chronic bilateral vestibular failure (BVF). We compared 23 patients with idiopathic BVF to 23 healthy participants in a series of experiments addressing several aspects of visuo-spatial perspective taking and embodiment. In Experiment 1, participants were involved in a virtual “dot-counting task” from their own perspective or the perspective of a distant avatar, to measure implicit and explicit perspective taking, respectively. In both groups, response times increased similarly when the avatar’s and participant’s viewpoint differed, for both implicit and explicit perspective taking. In Experiment 2, participants named ambiguous letters (such as “b” or “q”) traced on their forehead that could be perceived from an internal or external perspective. The frequency of perceiving ambiguous letters from an internal perspective was similar in both groups. In Experiment 3, participants completed a questionnaire measuring the experienced self/body and self/environment “closeness”. Both groups reported a similar embodied experience. Altogether, our data show that idiopathic BVF does not change implicit and explicit perspective taking nor subjective anchoring of the self to the body. Our negative findings offer insight into the multisensory mechanisms of embodiment. Only acute peripheral vestibular disorders and neurological disorders in vestibular brain areas (characterized by strong multisensory conflicts) may evoke disembodied experiences.

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“…Birdane et al [21] have suggested that deficits in the sacculo-collic reflex, one of the subtypes of vestibular reflexes, may even serve as an early diagnostic marker of AD. Concidentally, many studies in both animals and humans over the last 2 decades, have shown that damage to the peripheral vestibular system causes deficits in memory and attention [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. These cognitive impairments are thought to reflect the importance of the vestibular system in providing continuous information about self-motion to areas of the brain involved in spatial memory, such as the hippocampus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since AD is associated with vestibular dysfunction [21,22], and vestibular dysfunction is associated with cognitive impairment [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], the main aim of this experiment was to use the cognitive deficits caused by vestibular dysfunction to test a putative nootropic drug that has been investigated as a possible treatment for AD [16]. To this end, rats subjected to bilateral vestibular lesions were tested in the 5CSRTT, to determine whether the ampakine, CX717 [7,9], could have any beneficial effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Putative Cognitive-Enhancing Ampakine, CX717, on Attention and Object Recognition Memory

Zheng¹,

Balabhadrapatruni²,

Masumura³

et al. 2011

CAR

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Ampakines are a class of putative nootropic drug designed to positively modulate the AMPA receptor and have been investigated as a potential treatment for cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease. Nonetheless, some ampakines such as CX717 have been incompletely characterized in behavioural pharmacological studies. Therefore, in this study, we attempted to further characterize the effects of the ampakine, CX717 (20 mg/kg s.c), on the performance of rats in a 5 choice serial reaction time (5CSRTT) and object recognition memory task, using rats with cognitive deficits caused by bilateral vestibular deafferentation (BVD) as a model. In the 5CSRTT, when the stimulus duration was varied from 5 to 2 sec, the number of incorrect responses was significantly greater for the BVD group compared to sham controls, but significantly less for the CX717 groups, with no significant interaction. With changes in inter-trial interval (ITI), there was a significant effect of surgery/drug and a significant effect of ITI on premature responses, and the BVD group treated with CX717 showed significantly fewer premature responses than the other groups. In the object recognition memory task, CX717 significantly reduced total exploration time and the exploration towards the novel object in both sham and BVD animals. These results suggest that CX717 can reduce the number of incorrect responses in both sham and BVD rats and enhance inhibitory control specifically in BVD rats, in the 5CSRTT. On the other hand, CX717 produced a detrimental effect in the object recognition memory task.

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Depersonalisation/derealisation symptoms and updating orientation in patients with vestibular disease

Cited by 67 publications

References 49 publications

Dyscalculia and vestibular function

Dyscalculia and vestibular function

Anchoring the Self to the Body in Bilateral Vestibular Failure

Effects of the Putative Cognitive-Enhancing Ampakine, CX717, on Attention and Object Recognition Memory

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