Deposition of corrosion products under pressurised water nuclear reactor conditions: The effect of flow velocity and dissolved hydrogen

Cassineri, Stefano; Duff, Jonathan; Cioncolini, Andrea; Curioni, Michele; Banks, Andrew; Scenini, Fabio

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2019.108113

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…3−5 As the deposition buildup grows thicker, heat transfer becomes deteriorated and the cladding surface temperature increases, 6,7 causing an uneven distribution of thermal stress, resulting in localized corrosion called CRUDinduced localized corrosion (CILC). 4 In addition, the porous structures of CRUD strengthen the internal boiling, favoring boron accumulation mainly called boron hideout, resulting in lower than expected neutron flux in local regions because 10 B is a strong neutron absorber, 8 forcing the core axial power shift to the bottom region defined as CRUD-induced power shift (CIPS). 3 Because CIPS could reduce excess reactivity and shutdown margin, power reduction is usually applied to ensure nuclear power plant (NPP) security.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the corrosion deposition in rod array channels with a more complex flow field, corrosion deposition mechanism under multiple factors, and boron behavior during the deposition process and after power reduction need to be studied, which is a further supplement to the previous research. 9,10,12,16,17 Also, the study of the multiphysics-coupled CRUD deposition mechanism and boron behavior in a rod array channel helps the existing theoretically derivated and experimentally corrected models and codes to be closer to real phenomena in reactor cores. Hence, the purposes of this study are to (1) investigate CRUD growth and CRUD structure in different subcooled boiling regions in a rod array channel by simulating primary water chemical conditions and subcooled boiling conditions, (2) analyze the CRUD growth mechanism under the influence of subcooled boiling, corrosion product concentration, and water chemistry, and (3) explore boron behavior during the deposition process and after power reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the little attention to boron behavior after power downrate makes it impossible to establish more perfect response measures to deal with the power shift and core transient operation related to boron hideout. Therefore, the corrosion deposition in rod array channels with a more complex flow field, corrosion deposition mechanism under multiple factors, and boron behavior during the deposition process and after power reduction need to be studied, which is a further supplement to the previous research. ,,,, Also, the study of the multiphysics-coupled CRUD deposition mechanism and boron behavior in a rod array channel helps the existing theoretically derivated and experimentally corrected models and codes to be closer to real phenomena in reactor cores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Understanding Flow Fouling Deposition and Solute Hideout–Return Behavior at the Phase Change Interface

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Nuclear energy is a competitive green energy, yet corrosion deposition and boron hideout on pressurized water reactor fuel cladding surfaces could cause localized corrosion and power shift, resulting in huge safety and economic risks. Alleviation of these problems requires the understanding of the corrosion deposition mechanism and related boron behavior. In this study, we explore corrosion product deposition in typical fuel assembly channels under subcooled boiling conditions and propose a boron hideout and return mechanism to explain the reason for the failure of the power reduction inhibiting a power shift. Porous corrosion depositions with the same morphology and thickness as the real depositions in a fuel cycle are obtained in a week via the accelerated deposition method simulating a real subcooled boiling and water chemical environment. Stronger subcooled boiling generates more bubbles, resulting in higher supersaturation of corrosion products at the gas−liquid interface. The corresponding precipitated stable crystals are smaller, and the formed deposition layer is looser and thicker with smaller particles. On the basis of the above characterizations, the effect of subcooled boiling, solute concentration, and water chemistry on the corrosion deposition mechanism is revealed. High-resolution characterization methods indicate that boron hides within the depositions mainly in the form of H 3 BO 3 and Li 2 B 4 O 7 . The boron coolant concentration increases by 307.9 ppm after power reduction, confirming the return behavior of porous hidden boron. Hidden boron return behavior brings potential challenges for estimating critical conditions and plant response operations. The results of this study provide a precise method for understanding the corrosion product deposition and boron hideout−return behavior to further develop mitigation strategies for power shift and localized corrosion security issues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Understanding Flow Fouling Deposition and Solute Hideout–Return Behavior at the Phase Change Interface

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The secondary heat exchange surface of steam generator (SG) in pressurized water reactor (PWR) of nuclear power plant (NPP) is easy to fouling, making the wing hole being gradually blocked by corrosion products [1]. The fouling phenomenon in SG secondary circuit was first found in Chalk River [2,3]. The blocking phenomenon reduces the flow rate of the fluid passing through the supporting plate, and also increases the pressure drop, hinders the liquid passing through the secondary circuit, and reduces the heat exchange efficiency of SG [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DFT study of the fouling deposition process in the steam generator by simulating the absorption of Fe2+ on Fe3O4 (001) 

Pan¹,

Lu²,

Xu³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In this paper, the interaction between free Fe2+ and Fe3O4 corrosion products on the pipe surface in the secondary circuit of PWR nuclear power plant was studied, and the reason of agglomeration formation was analyzed. The complex physical and chemical interaction was simplified by describing the electron interaction. Based on the first principles, CASTEP was used to simulate seven kinds of highly symmetric adsorption structure models of Fetet1 and Feoct1 on Fe3O4 (001) surface, and their adsorption energies and stable adsorption conformations were calculated. The results show that the most stable adsorption structures of the Fe2+/Fe3O4 (001) configurations are Feoct1-b and Fetet1-Oh. During the adsorption, the Fe-Fe, Fe-O bond length and Fe-Fe-O bond angle of (001) surface changed, and the atomic positions parallel and perpendicular to (001) surface changed correspondingly, the surface layer changes the most. The results prove that the adsorption has great effect on the physical structure of Fe2+ and Fe3O4 (001). The calculation of charge population, the density of states and electron local function of Fe2+/Fe3O4 (001) optimal adsorption configuration also shows that there is electron transfer between Fe2+ and Fe3O4 (001), and the adsorption type is chemisorption. Among them, Fe (Fe2+)-Fe (Fe3O4) forms a metal bond, and Fe (Fe2+)-O (Fe3O4) forms the ionic bond.

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“…For example, micro-orifices are used to suppress flow instabilities in micro-evaporators [17] and to control the Micromachines 2020, 11, 510 2 of 13 flow in vapor compression refrigeration systems [18,19]. Micro-orifices are also used in corrosion studies [20][21][22][23], in flow metering [24] and for organic matter synthesis [25]. Due to its practical relevance, orifice microfluidics has been investigated extensively, both for single-phase and two-phase flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments on Liquid Flow through Non-Circular Micro-Orifices

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Microfluidics is an active research area in modern fluid mechanics, with several applications in science and engineering. Despite their importance in microfluidic systems, micro-orifices with non-circular cross-sections have not been extensively investigated. In this study, micro-orifice discharge with single-phase liquid flow was experimentally investigated for seven square and rectangular cross-section micro-orifices with a hydraulic diameter in the range of 326–510 µm. The discharge measurements were carried out in pressurized water (12 MPa) at ambient temperature (298 K) and high temperature (503 K). During the tests, the Reynolds number varied between 5883 and 212,030, significantly extending the range in which data are currently available in the literature on non-circular micro-orifices. The results indicate that the cross-sectional shape of the micro-orifice has little, if any, effect on the hydrodynamic behavior. Thus, existing methods for the prediction of turbulent flow behavior in circular micro-orifices can be used to predict the flow behavior in non-circular micro-orifices, provided that the flow geometry of the non-circular micro-orifice is described using a hydraulic diameter.

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Deposition of corrosion products under pressurised water nuclear reactor conditions: The effect of flow velocity and dissolved hydrogen

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Understanding Flow Fouling Deposition and Solute Hideout–Return Behavior at the Phase Change Interface

Understanding Flow Fouling Deposition and Solute Hideout–Return Behavior at the Phase Change Interface

DFT study of the fouling deposition process in the steam generator by simulating the absorption of Fe2+ on Fe3O4 (001)

Experiments on Liquid Flow through Non-Circular Micro-Orifices

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Deposition of corrosion products under pressurised water nuclear reactor conditions: The effect of flow velocity and dissolved hydrogen

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Understanding Flow Fouling Deposition and Solute Hideout–Return Behavior at the Phase Change Interface

Understanding Flow Fouling Deposition and Solute Hideout–Return Behavior at the Phase Change Interface

DFT study of the fouling deposition process in the steam generator by simulating the absorption of Fe2+ on Fe3O4 (001)&nbsp;

Experiments on Liquid Flow through Non-Circular Micro-Orifices

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Product

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DFT study of the fouling deposition process in the steam generator by simulating the absorption of Fe2+ on Fe3O4 (001)