Depression and affective flexibility: A valence-specific bias

Wen, Alainna; Yoon, K. Lira

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2019.103502

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Studies explicitly investigating the connection between performance in affective task-switching paradigms and clinically relevant constructs report positive associations between (partly valence dependent; see below) affective task-switching efficiency and indicators of psychological adjustment—including reappraisal efficiency (Malooly et al, 2013), trait resilience (Genet & Siemer, 2011) and a better regulation of physiological arousal during stress exposure (Hildebrandt et al, 2016). Negative associations have been reported with indicators of psychological maladjustment—such as the habitual use of rumination (Genet et al, 2013) or higher levels of depression symptoms in a one-month follow-up (Wen et al, 2019). Interestingly, the association between psychological variables and task-switching performance was consistently stronger in affective versus purely cognitive task-switching paradigms (Malooly et al, 2013; Genet et al, 2013), indicating that affective task-switching ability might be a better predictor for psychological functioning than its cognitive counterpart.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) and a better regulation of physiological arousal during stress exposure (Hildebrandt et al, 2016). Negative associations have been reported with indicators of psychological maladjustment -such as the habitual use of rumination (Genet et al, 2013) or higher levels of depression symptoms in a one-month follow-up (Wen et al, 2019). Interestingly, the association between psychological variables and task-switching performance was consistently stronger in affective vs. purely cognitive taskswitching paradigms (Malooly et al, 2013;Genet et al, 2013;Rademacher et al, in prep.…”

Section: Implications For Clinical and Individual Differences Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the purposes of the present study, we follow this approach and operationally define affective flexibility as the switching between a neutral and an emotional task in the presence of emotional information (see also Grol & De Raedt, 2018;Malooly et al, 2013;Wen & Yoon, 2019). We will thus, in the following, use the terms affective flexibility and affective task switching interchangeably.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beyond the cognitive processes involved in the reconfiguration of task sets, this affective variant of the task-switching paradigm additionally requires the flexible engagement and disengagement from emotional information present in the stimulus. For the purposes of the present study, we follow this approach and operationally define affective flexibility as the switching between a neutral and an emotional task in the presence of emotional information (see also Grol & De Raedt, 2018; Malooly et al, 2013; Wen & Yoon, 2019). We will thus, in the following, use the terms affective flexibility and affective task switching interchangeably.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Internal consistency and test–retest reliability of an affective task-switching paradigm.

Eckart¹,

Kraft²,

Fiebach³

2021

Emotion

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Affective flexibility refers to the flexible adaptation of behavior or thought given emotionally relevant stimuli, tasks, or contexts, and has been associated with the efficiency of emotion regulation and dealing with stress and adversity. Experimentally, individual differences in affective flexibility have been measured as behavioral costs (response times, errors rates) of switching between affective and neutral tasks. However, behavioral task measures can only be treated as trait-like characteristics if they have sufficient psychometric quality. We report an analysis of the test-retest reliability (interval two weeks) as well as internal consistencies of behavioral switch costs measured in an affective task switching paradigm. This paradigm elicits strong response time switch costs for both tasks, but higher when switching to the emotion than to the gender task. These 'asymmetric switch costs' suggest dominance of the emotional task rule. Reliability analyses indicated excellent internal consistency estimates (Spearman-Brown corrected r = .92 for both switch directions) and good test-retest reliabilities (ICC(2,1) of .78 and .82, respectively) for response time-based switch costs. Effect sizes and reliability estimates were substantially lower for switch costs calculated from error rates, which is consistent with previous literature discussing the psychometric properties of task-based cognitive measures.Reliability measures were lower but still acceptable for valence-specific response time-based switch costs, potentially due to lower trial numbers per cell when increasing granularity of the analysis. In conclusion, our results indicate that response time-based affective switch costs are well-suited as individual differences measure, and thus may be a valuable proxy for assessing affective flexibility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For Clinical and Individual Differences Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Internal consistency and test–retest reliability of an affective task-switching paradigm.

Eckart¹,

Kraft²,

Fiebach³

2021

Emotion

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“…El factor refleja las dificultades vinculadas con la rigidez de pensamientos (cambios ineficientes de tarea) y de respuestas emocionales (e.g., "si algo lo frustra se altera desmedidamente"). La "flexibilidad afectiva" ha sido definida como la habilidad para atender y desengancharse flexiblemente de los Lorena Canet-Juric, Macarena Verónica del-Valle, Rosario Gelpi-Trudo, Ana García-Coni, Eliana Vanesa Zamora, Isabel Introzzi, María Laura Andrés aspectos emocionales de una situación o estímulo (Malooly et al, 2013) y se ha asociado con la regulación emocional y salud mental (Martins et al, 2018;Wen & Yoon, 2019). Varios reactivos del cufe reflejan un contenido emocional (e.g., "Cuando está enojado o molesto le lleva mucho tiempo calmarse"), lo que podría explicar el agrupamiento en un mismo factor de los ítems de flexibilidad cognitiva y flexibilidad afectiva.…”

Section: Relaciones Entre Las Subescalas Del Cufe Y Las Medidas Académicasunclassified

Desarrollo y validación del Cuestionario de Funciones Ejecutivas en niños de 9 a 12 años

Juric

Valle

Trudo

et al. 2021

Av. Psicol. Latinoam.

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El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar y validar el Cuestionario de Funciones Ejecutivas (CUFE), un cuestionario accesible para evaluar las tres principales funciones ejecutivas (memoria de trabajo, inhibición y flexibilidad cognitiva) en niños de 9 a 12 años y, así, proporcionar valores descriptivos de referencia y evidencias acerca de su confiabilidad y validez. Para ello se analizó su funcionamiento en una muestra de 269 niños argentinos de 9 a 12 años de edad, alumnos del segundo ciclo de la escuela primaria. El análisis factorial exploratorio reveló una estructura de tres factores que explicaban 49.08 % de la varianza, con cargas factoriales unidimensionales y satisfactorias. Los factores retenidos presentaron buenos índices de confiabilidad y fueron llamados: memoria de trabajo, inhibición y flexibilidad y control emocional. La memoria de trabajo se asoció con la comprensión lectora, el cálculo matemático y las calificaciones escolares de Prácticas del lenguaje y Matemática. Las restantes dos subescalas se asociaron con las calificaciones escolares de ambas asignaturas. Las dimensiones del cuestionario coinciden con los actuales modelos teóricos de funcionamiento ejecutivo. En función de las evidencias de validez y confiabilidad, el CUFE se presenta como un instrumento ecológico y valioso para la medición de las funciones ejecutivas en el contexto de la evaluación infantil.

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Components of hot and cold executive functions and their relations to different forms of stress resilience: A systematic review

Mecha,

Rodriguez‐Morales,

Sanchez‐Lopez

2024

Stress and Health

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Increasing evidence points out that Executive Functions (i.e., EFs) may be core mechanisms for the generation of resilient responses to adversity. A systematic review testing the relations between either affective (hot) and/or non‐affective (cold) EFs (i.e., inhibition, flexibility and working memory updating) and resilience was conducted. A total of 449 articles were initially identified. After two steps of title‐and‐abstract (k = 449), and full‐text reading filtering (k = 67), 11 studies were reviewed. Three studies included cold measures of working memory and supported significant positive relations between higher working memory functioning and higher trait resilience levels. One study included cold measures of inhibition and another one both hot and cold measures, with only the first one supporting a positive relation between more efficient inhibition and higher trait resilience levels. Finally, 7 studies measured flexibility in its cold and/or hot dimensions and overall supported significant relations between higher flexibility and higher levels of trait, process and outcome resilience measures. These results support the role of EFs performance to promote different forms of resilience. This review allows to identify different issues that need to be addressed in future research and highlight the need to integrate the analysis of all hot and cold EFs components to understand their role in the generation of resilience.

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Depression and affective flexibility: A valence-specific bias

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Internal consistency and test–retest reliability of an affective task-switching paradigm.

Internal consistency and test–retest reliability of an affective task-switching paradigm.

Desarrollo y validación del Cuestionario de Funciones Ejecutivas en niños de 9 a 12 años

Components of hot and cold executive functions and their relations to different forms of stress resilience: A systematic review

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