Depression and anxiety in chronic rhinosinusitis

Abstract

Depression and anxiety are prevalent in CRS. The total RSDI and its different subscale scores exhibit moderate to very strong correlation with depression/anxiety scores as determined by HADS, whereas poor correlation was seen with the Lund-Kennedy endoscopic score.

Burden of Illness: A Systematic Review of Depression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

“…9 Two studies used a cutoff of 8 points, which resulted in prevalences that ranged from 15.4 to 19.4%. 13,14 The strictest study used Ն11 points as a cutoff and, not surprisingly, resulted in the lowest prevalence, of only 11% 15 (Table 1). The overall prevalence of depression in CRS that used HADS was 14.9%, with a range from 11.0 to 23.8%, depending on the threshold used to define depression ( Table 2).…”

“…19 With regard to depression, there were no studies that used strict Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition criteria. 20 Nine studies used a validated questionnaire to screen for depression, 9,11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and four studies relied on a previous physician diagnosis. 7,8,10,12 There were four studies that used physician-diagnosed depression (n ϭ 631 patients).…”

“…Asthma and fibromyalgia results were mixed, whereas allergic rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and smoking were not associated with depression in any study. Six studies 7,8,12,14,16,17 examined CRS-severity factors by using endoscopy and/or computed tomography, and none found an association with depression. Reports on the impact of polyp status and revision surgery were mixed.…”

Depression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Controlled Cohort Study

“…Use of the BDI instrument as a screening tool seemed to be more sensitive than other instruments at detecting patients with CRS at risk for depression because our overall prevalence was 31%, one of the highest reported in the literature. 1,3,4 It is unclear if this was due to increased sensitivity of the BDI screening instrument or variations in patient populations. One advantage of our study was inclusion of a non-CRS control group, which enabled us to examine the impact of common CRSrelated comorbidities.…”

“…1,2 Studies that used validated screening instruments were able to identify an additional 8-15% of patients with CRS with previously undiagnosed depression; however, they did not include a control group of patients without CRS for comparison. 1,3,4 When depression occurs in patients with CRS, the depression has been shown to impact quality of life and, potentially, treatment outcomes 1,5 ; thus, a comprehensive understanding of comorbid depression in CRS is needed.…”