Depression and Associated Factors among International Students in a Private University of Bangladesh

Jamilah, Adamu; Haque, Imdadul; Muhammad, Faisal; Harun, Md. Golam Dostogir; Chowdhury, Arif; Akramuzzaman, Md.; Arafat, S. M. Yasir; Kabir, Russell

doi:10.2478/gp-2020-0021

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The survey questionnaire was adapted from similar research conducted in Bangladesh [ 4 ]. The online questionnaire had three parts—background information, challenges faced, and depression measurement.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, IUSs face innumerable challenges when moving to a completely unknown non-native country [ 3 ]. Beyond the difficulties related to the educational institution, adjusting to a new place may present socialization stress among the students [ 3 , 4 ]. The IUSs encounter events and stressors beyond that of native students that have an impact on their mental health [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beyond the difficulties related to the educational institution, adjusting to a new place may present socialization stress among the students [ 3 , 4 ]. The IUSs encounter events and stressors beyond that of native students that have an impact on their mental health [ 4 ]. They have to deal with these problems without their family or familial support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depression among the Non-Native International Undergraduate Students Studying Dentistry in Bangladesh

Kabir

Isha

Chowdhury³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Bangladesh has been attracting international students with interests in various subjects recently. Every year students from different parts of the world come to study undergraduate and postgraduate courses, mostly at private universities in Bangladesh. This study evaluates the depression status among international students who are studying dentistry in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among International undergraduate dental students who enrolled in the Bachelor of Dental Surgery program in nine public and private dental colleges in Bangladesh. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling method. A total of 206 students completed the survey where 78.5% of them were female students and 21.5% students were male, and a CES-D 10-item Likert scale questionnaire was used for data collection. The Cronbach alpha for the 10-item CES-D scale for this population is 0.812. Results: The majority of the students (79.5%) are below 24 years of age with a mean age of 23.22 years and standard deviation of 2.3, and are students who cannot communicate well in Bengali (Bangla), about 60% of them have experienced depression. About 77.3% (p < 0.00) of the international students having financial difficulties exhibited depression. The international students who went through financial problems were two times more likely to suffer from depression (OR = 2.38; p-value < 0.01). Conclusion: This study tried to highlight the struggles faced by international students in Bangladesh studying dentistry. It is evident from the findings that several factors influence students’ mental well-being during demanding dental education years.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depression among the Non-Native International Undergraduate Students Studying Dentistry in Bangladesh

Kabir

Isha

Chowdhury³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

Self Cite

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“…Although gender plays a vital role in those infected with COVID-19, this important demographic factor has not been evaluated thoroughly with respect to acquiring COVID-19 infection in adolescents and young adults. Furthermore, it has been observed that there is an unmet need for psychological support for university undergraduates [ 11 , 12 , 20 ]. Thus, research on gender differences of COVID-19 psychological consequences and adherence to precautionary measures is urgently needed to understand the current scenario and to remedy the adverse consequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive Symptomatology and Practice of Safety Measures among Undergraduate Students during COVID-19: Impact of Gender

Aldhmadi

Kumar

Itumalla

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected the personal and academic lives of undergraduates in Saudi Arabia. Although studies have suggested that COVID-19 increased the prevalence of psychological health problems among undergraduates, the associations between the risk of depression and safety practices and the influence of gender on these associations have not been studied in detail. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among preparatory-year undergraduates in a large public university in Saudi Arabia during the outbreak. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale, and the practice of eight precautionary behaviors was also assessed. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test, multiple linear regression and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. In total, 3044 undergraduates were surveyed. The mean age was 18.6 years (SD = 0.84), and 61.9% (n = 1883) of the participants were female. Overall, 47.7% of the participants reported having elevated depressive symptoms. Overall mean values of CES-D scores were higher among female undergraduates than that of male undergraduates (18.08 versus 15.56, p < 0.01). There were inverse and weak but significant relationships between the CES-D score and frequent cleaning of hands (male: r = −0.116, p < 0.01; female: r = −0.098, p < 0.01), wearing a mask when going out (male: r = −0.172, p < 0.01; female: r = −0.135, p < 0.01), keeping social distance (male: r = −0.117, p < 0.01; female: r = −0.147, p < 0.01), and covering the nose when sneezing (male: r = −0.202, p < 0.01; female: r = −0.115, p < 0.01). Regression analysis indicated that adherence to precautionary measures was a strong predictor of reduction of depressive symptoms in the target population. Male gender was also found to be an independent predictor of reduction of depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were highly prevalent in this target group, and female undergraduates seemed to be more vulnerable to developing such symptoms. Results also indicated that female undergraduates were more likely to implement the protective measures for COVID-19. The promotion of precautionary measures seems to be effective in reducing distress in this target population, but further research is needed to confirm our assertions.

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“…In other words, concern regarding their education was causing a 25% increase in anxiety levels of the college students. In a similar study conducted in the neighboring nation of Bangladesh, students from universities reported a high level of anxiety and depression (Islam et al, 2020;Jamilah et al, 2020). It is also found that the level of distress is not dependent on the income of the family.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Impact of COVID-19-Related Distress on Anxiety and Depression of College Students

Mathew

Yadav

Nair

et al. 2022

JL4D

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The current study explores the impact of COVID-19 related distress factors on the mental well-being of college students. For the purpose of the study, mental well-being is measured through the depression symptoms and general anxiety levels of the students. The study used judgemental sampling to identify the respondents of the study. The final sample consisted of 147 respondents and the data was analysed on SPSS. The results suggested that while COVID-19 distress factors were not significant in predicting the level of depression symptoms experienced by the students, the general anxiety levels were significantly impacted by the distress factors. The findings are particularly useful for the teachers and institutions working to connect and teach through online platforms.

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Depression and Associated Factors among International Students in a Private University of Bangladesh

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Depression among the Non-Native International Undergraduate Students Studying Dentistry in Bangladesh

Depression among the Non-Native International Undergraduate Students Studying Dentistry in Bangladesh

Depressive Symptomatology and Practice of Safety Measures among Undergraduate Students during COVID-19: Impact of Gender

Impact of COVID-19-Related Distress on Anxiety and Depression of College Students

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