Depression in dementia sufferers

Ballard, Clive; Bannister, Carol; Oyebode, Femi

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1166(199606)11:6<507::aid-gps337>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 49 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…All of this suggests our negative finding is robust and raises the question of whether depression in AD is associated with serotonergic abnormalities or whether other transmitters, for example, dopamine, noradrenaline or acetylcholine [37], may be involved. Such a view is supported by the equivocal findings in studies of the efficacy of antidepressants targeting the serotonergic system in depression in dementia [38], by the high rate of spontaneous remission of depression in dementia [39] and by the improvement in depression in some studies using non‐serotonergic treatments [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the serotonin transporter in the prefrontal cortex in late‐life depression and Alzheimer's disease with and without depression

Thomas

Hendriksen

Piggott

et al. 2006

Neuropathology Appl Neurobio

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Previous studies investigating the serotonin transporter (SERT) in depression have been inconsistent and included a large proportion of subjects who had committed suicide. In Alzheimer's disease studies have generally reported a reduction in SERT density but have not compared Alzheimer's disease subjects with and without comorbid major depression. We conducted a post mortem study of SERT density in the prefrontal cortex in normal elderly, a group of elderly depressed subjects and in Alzheimer's disease subjects with and without major depression. A post mortem study comparing SERT density in the prefrontal cortex in elderly controls (n = 10), subjects with major depression (n = 8) and subjects with Alzheimer's disease with (n = 9) and without (n = 5) comorbid major depression. We used autoradiography to measure the density of [3H]CN-IMI binding (non-specific binding determined with citalopram) to the SERT in the prefrontal cortex. We found a marked reduction in specific SERT binding in the prefrontal cortex in Alzheimer's disease subjects compared with both control (P = 0.002) and depressed subjects (P = 0.004) but no difference in SERT binding between depressed and control subjects or between Alzheimer's disease subjects with and without depression. Our study confirms previous reports of a reduction in SERT binding in Alzheimer's disease but indicates this reduction is not greater in Alzheimer's disease subjects who also have had major depression. In a group of subjects more typical of late-life depression we did not identify any alterations in SERT density.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the serotonin transporter in the prefrontal cortex in late‐life depression and Alzheimer's disease with and without depression

Thomas

Hendriksen

Piggott

et al. 2006

Neuropathology Appl Neurobio

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“…17 Poor cognitive function reflects neuropsychological status and may be associated with depression. 18 Impaired ADL is an expression of functional dependence and one of the most commonly used measures in assessing health in old age. Slow walking speed Figure 1 Occurrence of falls in the past year on the basis of the set of risk factors (poor self rated health, poor cognitive status, impaired ADL, two or more clinic visits in the past month, slow walking speed).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and falls among community dwelling elderly people: a search for common risk factors

Biderman

Cwikel²,

Fried³

et al. 2002

Journal of Epidemiology &Amp; Community Health

196

140

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Study objectives: Depression and falls are two common conditions that impair the health of older people. Both are relatively underdiagnosed and undertreated problems in primary care. The study objective was to investigate whether there was a common set of risk factors that could predict an increased risk of both falls and depression. Design: This was a cohort study drawn from a primary care clinic, with a one year follow up. Dependent measures included: reporting two or more falls in the past year and a score of 7 or over on the S-GDS (Short Geriatric Depression Scale). A parsimonious set of risk factors was selected that predicted both outcomes based on a series of discriminant function analyses. Participants and setting: The setting was a primary care clinic serving a mixed socioeconomic population, in Beer Sheva, Israel. The sample included 283 General Sick Fund members, aged 60 and over, who completed both baseline assessments and one year follow up interviews. Main results: At the one year follow up, 12% of the sample reported frequent falls in the past year and 25.5% of the sample screened positive for depressive symptoms. A set of five risk factors that included: poor self rated health, poor cognitive status, impaired ADL, two or more clinic visits in the past month, and slow walking speed (>10 seconds over five metres) was successful at discriminating between fallers and non-fallers (86% discrimination) and between those with and without depressive symptoms (76%). For every risk factor added, there was a significant increase in the proportion of respondents who had depressive symptoms. A similar result was found for falls. Conclusions: These results show that there is a common set of risk factors that increase the risk of two common outcomes in geriatric medicine, falls and depression. For a general practitioner or a geriatric physician, it might be easier to detect these risk factors than to diagnose depression or high risk for falls. When these risk factors are detected in patients the physician can then be more active in direct probing about depression and falls. F alls and depression are common problems in the elderly that generally escape detection and therefore go untreated in primary care.1 2 There is a consensus, however, that their prevention and treatment could greatly benefit the health and wellbeing of the elderly population.3 The development of a clearer understanding of their causes would help to formulate more effective means of prevention and treatment.The reported prevalence of mild depressive symptoms among community dwelling elderly people over the age of 65 is between 15%-20% 4 5 although prevalence of major depressive disorders is only 2%-5%. 4 The vast majority of elderly people, an estimated 80%, who suffer from symptoms of depression will not receive any treatment. 6Falls are also a common problem among elderly people; approximately 30% of those over 65 will fall each year, with rates rising with increasing age reaching about 40% in those over age 80.7 While most falls do not resu...

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“…In particular, depressive symptoms are common in older people with dementia in the form of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (Lyketsos and Olin 2002;Rubin et al 2001). Prevalence rates for depression are estimated at around 25 % for people with dementia (Ballard et al 1996) and 10-45 % for people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (Apostolova and Cummings 2008) compared with approximately 2 % in older adults aged 55 years and over and 65 years and over without cognitive impairment. Depression in patients with AD is an important public health problem with substantial consequences for patients and their caregivers (Lyketsos and Olin 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive symptoms in later life: differential impact of social support and motivational processes on depression in individuals with and without cognitive impairment

et al. 2014

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This study investigates the role of a motivational process based on a composite of four subcomponents (self-efficacy, decision regulation, activation regulation and motivation regulation), as a mediator of the relationship between social support and depression assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale in cognitively impaired and unimpaired individuals. Participants were 229 adults with a mean age of 74 years (range: 52-94 years). The sample comprised 64 participants diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 47 participants diagnosed with earlystage Alzheimer's disease (AD), and a group of 118 participants without any cognitive impairment. In this crosssectional study, bivariate correlations and linear regression models were used to assess the association between the predictor variables and depression. Linear regression models were controlled for age, gender, education, cognitive status, cognitive impairment and activities. In the total Based on these findings, it can be argued that the impact of social support on depressive symptoms is attenuated by cerebral deterioration in cognitively impaired individuals, while motivational processes remain relevant.

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Depression in dementia sufferers

Cited by 49 publications

References 78 publications

A study of the serotonin transporter in the prefrontal cortex in late‐life depression and Alzheimer's disease with and without depression

A study of the serotonin transporter in the prefrontal cortex in late‐life depression and Alzheimer's disease with and without depression

Depression and falls among community dwelling elderly people: a search for common risk factors

Depressive symptoms in later life: differential impact of social support and motivational processes on depression in individuals with and without cognitive impairment

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