Depression is a major risk factor for the development of dementia in people with lower urinary tract symptoms: A nationwide population-based study

Abstract

Background/Objectives Studies have shown a strong relationship between depression and dementia. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were reported to be independently associated with depression and dementia. However, the relationship between depression and cognitive dysfunction in patients with LUTS is not well characterized. Method We conducted a matched cohort study by using a one-million population-based dataset in Taiwan. A total of 15,944 patients with LUTS aged 50 or older were included from 2001 to 2005 and followed up until their death or the end of 2012. During the follow-up period, 1958 cases developed depression subsequently and were defined as the study group. 7832 patients without depression were then identified as control group, matching by age, gender, insurance premium, status of catastrophic illness certificate, and the index year in a 1:4 ratio. The primary outcome was the onset of dementia. LUTS, depression, dementia, and other comorbidities were defined by the International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification coding system. Cox hazards models and Aalen Johansen curves were applied to measure the influence of depression on the risk of dementia in patients with LUTS. Results The crude incidence of depression among people with LUTS was 12.3%. The incidence of dementia in the depression group was significantly higher than that in the control group (12.2% versus 8.9%; P < 0.001). Depression was associated with a significantly greater risk of subsequent dementia after adjusted for socioeconomic status, number of outpatient visits and multiple comorbidities (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.32; 95% confidence interval: 1.13–1.54). Conclusions Depression is a major risk factor for the onset of subsequent dementia in patients with LUTS. Early screening and interventions for depression in patients with LUTS may be important to maintain cognitive function.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Post-Operative Depression in Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of Prostate for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

“…During the endoscopic standard procedures, the patient who undergoesndergoes regional anesthesia is awake, and the reproductive organs will be exposed, so that the patient is more likely to show anxiety and stress and other emotions. 39 Complementary therapies to decrease the pain and anxiety during endoscopic standard procedures are becoming more popular day by day. These therapies include music, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, acupuncture, and auricular acupressure.…”

Risk Factors of Dementia in Patients with Cerebral Vascular Diseases Based on Taiwan National Health Insurance Data

“…The association between the brain (dementia and depression) and bone is a bidirectional communication that is evidenced by several clinical observations [7][8][9][10][11][19][20][21][22] and experimental studies [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Two bone cellderived modulators, osteoblast-derived osteocalcin and lipocalin 2, can affect behavioral and cognitive function.…”

“…Depression was an associated factor for dementia, especially among people aged 45–64 years (midlife) [14]. Depression was a major risk factor for the onset of subsequent dementia in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms [11]. Those who had a history of depression earlier in life had a higher risk of dementia than those who did not.…”

“…The relationship between depression and dementia is complex, and researchers are still trying to tease it out. Some evidence suggests that depression can be a risk factor [11][12][13][14][15]. Clinically relevant depression was associated with an increased risk of dementia and AD in the community [13].…”

The Impact of Illness Perceptions on Depressive Symptoms Among Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptom

“…A nationwide population-based study demonstrated that depression is a major risk factor for the dementia in patients with LUTS, and early screening and interventions for depression in patients with LUTS may play an important role in maintaining cognitive function. 6 In addition, Chiang et al 7 demonstrated that LUTS increased the risk of dementia in Chinese population.…”