Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents in Jamaica

Abel, WD; Bailey-Davidson, Y; Gibson, Roger C.; Martin, JS; Sewell, CA; James, Shamagonam; Fox, Keith R.

doi:10.7727/wimj.2012.179

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Among these, 6 were classified as having moderate risk of bias, 14 as having serious risk of bias, and 2 as having unclear risk of bias. No associations were found between residence and depression prevalence [66–72]. Depression score was examined on a country-level.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social determinants of depression and suicidal behaviour in the Caribbean: a systematic review

Brown¹,

Hambleton²,

Sobers

et al. 2017

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundDepressive disorder is the largest contributor to years lived with disability in the Caribbean, adding 948 per 100,000 in 2013. Depression is also a major risk factor for suicidal behaviour. Social inequalities influence the occurrence of depression, yet little is known about the social inequalities of this condition in the Caribbean. In support of the 2011 Rio Political Declaration on addressing health inequities, this article presents a systematic review of the role of social determinants on depression and its suicidal behaviours in the Caribbean.MethodsEight databases were searched for observational studies reporting associations between social determinants and depression frequency, severity, or outcomes. Based on the PROGRESS-plus checklist, we considered 9 social determinant groups (of 15 endpoints) for 6 depression endpoints, totalling 90 possible ways (‘relationship groups’) to explore the role of social determinants on depression. Studies with ≥50 participants conducted in Caribbean territories between 2004 and 2014 were eligible. The review was conducted according to STROBE and PRISMA guidelines. Results were planned as a narrative synthesis, with meta-analysis if possible.ResultsFrom 3951 citations, 55 articles from 45 studies were included. Most were classified as serious risk of bias. Fifty-seven relationship groups were reported by the 55 included articles, leaving 33 relationship groups (37%) without an evidence base. Most associations were reported for gender, age, residence, marital status, and education. Depression, its severity, and its outcomes were more common among females (except suicide which was more common among males), early and middle adolescents (among youth), and those with lower levels of education. Marriage emerged as both a risk and protective factor for depression score and prevalence, while several inequality relationships in Haiti were in contrast to typical trends.ConclusionThe risk of bias and few numbers of studies within relationship groups restricted the synthesis of Caribbean evidence on social inequalities of depression. Along with more research focusing on regional social inequalities, attempts at standardizing reporting guidelines for observational studies of inequality and studies examining depression is necessitated. This review offers as a benchmark to prioritize future research into the social determinants of depression frequency and outcomes in the Caribbean.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4371-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social determinants of depression and suicidal behaviour in the Caribbean: a systematic review

Brown¹,

Hambleton²,

Sobers

et al. 2017

BMC Public Health

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“…The association between not living in the household with both biological parents and having more serious levels of depressive symptoms has ample empirical support [14,26]. Across the country, many Filipino students do not reside with both parents while pursuing their university education, because they live away from home in dormitories and/or their biological parents are single, separated, or are working abroad.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms among Filipino University Students

Lee

Maria²,

Estanislao

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Depression can be prevented if its symptoms are addressed early and effectively. Prevention against depression among university students is rare in the Philippines, but is urgent because of the rising rates of suicide among the group. Evidence is needed to systematically identify and assist students with higher levels of depressive symptoms. We carried out a survey to determine the social and demographic factors associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms among 2,436 Filipino university students. The University Students Depression Inventory with measures on lethargy, cognition-emotion, and academic motivation, was used. Six of the 11 factors analyzed were found to be statistically significantly associated with more intense levels of depressive symptoms. These factors were: frequency of smoking, frequency of drinking, not living with biological parents, dissatisfaction with one’s financial condition, level of closeness with parents, and level of closeness with peers. Sex, age category, course category, year level and religion were not significantly related. In identifying students with greater risk for depression, characteristics related to lifestyle, financial condition, parents and peers are crucial. There is a need to carry out more surveys to develop the pool of local knowledge on student depression.

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“…Several published studies on Caribbean youth’s vulnerability to HIV and STI transmissions and on treatment and prevention strategies tend to rely on individual-level approaches (Abel et al, 2012a; Jones et al, 2013). However, the ecological system theory and social determinant of health models have informed investigations in the Caribbean region on the nature, range, and quality of social contexts and complex social relationships that shape adolescents’ sexual attitudes and behaviors with a focus on prevention and intervention strategies (McLeroy et al, 1988).…”

Section: Intersectionality Theory and Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intersectional approach for understanding the vulnerabilities of English-speaking heterosexual Caribbean youth to HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections: Prevention and intervention strategies

Sutherland

2016

Health Psychology Open

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Caribbean youth comprise about 30 percent of the English-speaking Caribbean population, and about 81,000 Caribbean and Latin American youth are HIV infected. AIDS is the leading cause of death for 15- to 24-year-old English-speaking Caribbean youth. This article relies on intersectionality theory in the assessment of the macro-level, or structural variables, and micro-level, or individual level, variables that influence the risk-taking sexual behaviors of heterosexual English-speaking Caribbean youth and increase their vulnerability to HIV/sexually transmitted infections. This article offers macro- and micro-level prevention/intervention strategies for reducing the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in English-speaking Caribbean youth, including the promotion of condom use, voluntary male circumcision, and HIV testing and counseling. Suggestions are offered for future research investigations to explore the contributing factors to youth’s vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections and to empirically verify the relationship between and among variables that account for desired outcomes, including decreases in risky sexual behaviors.

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Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents in Jamaica

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Social determinants of depression and suicidal behaviour in the Caribbean: a systematic review

Social determinants of depression and suicidal behaviour in the Caribbean: a systematic review

Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms among Filipino University Students

An intersectional approach for understanding the vulnerabilities of English-speaking heterosexual Caribbean youth to HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections: Prevention and intervention strategies

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