Depth-dependent electronic band structure at the Au/CH3NH3PbI3−xClx junction

Joo, Myung; Park, Yu Jung; Seo, Jung Hwa; Walker, Bright

doi:10.1039/c9cp00834a

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This exists at the Au/MAPbI 3‐ x Cl x contact. [ 256 ] The results are consistent with the work of Liu et al., who studied the electronic properties of MAPbI 3 /Au contact. [ 257 ] Liu et al.…”

Section: The Contacts Of Mhp and Metalssupporting

confidence: 91%

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Metal Halide Perovskite/Electrode Contacts in Charge‐Transporting‐Layer‐Free Devices

Dong

Cheng

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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Metal halide perovskites have drawn substantial interest in optoelectronic devices in the past decade. Perovskite/electrode contacts are crucial for constructing high-performance charge-transporting-layer-free perovskite devices, such as solar cells, field-effect transistors, artificial synapses, memories, etc. Many studies have evidenced that the perovskite layer can directly contact the electrodes, showing abundant physicochemical, electronic, and photoelectric properties in charge-transporting-layer-free perovskite devices. Meanwhile, for perovskite/metal contacts, some critical interfacial physical and chemical processes are reported, including band bending, interface dipoles, metal halogenation, and perovskite decomposition induced by metal electrodes. Thus, a systematic summary of the role of metal halide perovskite/electrode contacts on device performance is essential. This review summarizes and discusses charge carrier dynamics, electronic band engineering, electrode corrosion, electrochemical metallization and dissolution, perovskite decomposition, and interface engineering in perovskite/electrode contacts-based electronic devices for a comprehensive understanding of the contacts. The physicochemical, electronic, and morphological properties of various perovskite/electrode contacts, as well as relevant engineering techniques, are presented. Finally, the current challenges are analyzed, and appropriate recommendations are put forward. It can be expected that further research will lead to significant breakthroughs in their application and promote reforms and innovations in future solid-state physics and materials science.

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Section: The Contacts Of Mhp and Metalssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: The Contacts Of Mhp and Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Halide Perovskite/Electrode Contacts in Charge‐Transporting‐Layer‐Free Devices

Dong

Cheng

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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“…This is firm evidence that these Lewis‐base passivators prevent the formation of the metallic lead clusters on the film surface before and during the XPS measurement. [ 47,48 ] In combination with the UV–vis and FTIR results, we propose the changes in the binding energies of heavy atoms in the perovskite films to be caused by the defect passivation of 4OH‐NMI and 9CN‐PMI. Namely, 4OH‐NMI can deal with charged point defects (under‐coordinated Pb 2+ /I − and antisite Pb 2+ defects) and Pb clusters, while 9CN‐PMI can only passivate under‐coordinated Pb 2+ and Pb clusters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Marked Passivation Effect of Naphthalene‐1,8‐Dicarboximides in High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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As game‐changers in the photovoltaic community, perovskite solar cells are making unprecedented progress while still facing grand challenges such as improving lifetime without impairing efficiency. Herein, two structurally alike polyaromatic molecules based on naphthalene‐1,8‐dicarboximide (NMI) and perylene‐3,4‐dicarboximide (PMI) with different molecular dipoles are applied to tackle this issue. Contrasting the electronically pull–pull cyanide‐substituted PMI (9CN‐PMI) with only Lewis‐base groups, the push–pull 4‐hydroxybiphenyl‐substituted NMI (4OH‐NMI) with both protonic and Lewis‐base groups can provide better chemical passivation for both shallow‐ and deep‐level defects. Moreover, combined theoretical and experimental studies show that the 4OH‐NMI can bind more firmly with perovskite and the polyaromatic backbones create benign midgap states in the excited perovskite to suppress the damage by superoxide anions (energetic passivation). The polar and protonic nature of 4OH‐NMI facilitates band alignment and regulates the viscosity of the precursor solution for thicker perovskite films with better morphology. Consequently, the 4OH‐NMI‐passivated perovskite films exhibit reduced grain boundaries and nearly three‐times lower defect density, boosting the device efficiency to 23.7%. A more effective design of the passivator for perovskites with multi‐passivation mechanisms is provided in this study.

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“…The larger amplitude of the binding energy shift for the BTZI-TPA-coated sample is attributed to the higher electron density in the external contour of BTZI-TPA, which is caused by imide and thiadiazole groups (Figure S1), than PhI-TPA. Moreover, two weak signals in the control film corresponding to the Pb 4f 7/2 at ∼136.90 eV and Pb 4f 5/2 at ∼141.83 eV of the metallic Pb 0 , which disappear after the modification with PhI-TPA and BTZI-TPA, suggesting that the passivators greatly suppress the formation of metallic Pb 0 on the perovskite surface. − Overall, it is clear that both materials show effective passivation by interacting with the uncoordinated Pb 2+ defects, and BTZI-TPA exhibits a stronger passivation attributed to its difunctional groups, both acting as a Lewis base.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Interfacial Passivation Engineering for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with a Fill Factor over 83%

Feng

et al. 2022

ACS Nano

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Charge carrier nonradiative recombination (NRR) caused by interface defects and nonoptimal energy level alignment is the primary factor restricting the performance improvement of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Interfacial modification is a vital strategy to restrain NRR and enable high-performance PSCs. We report here two interfacial materials, PhI-TPA and BTZI-TPA, consisting of phthalimide and a 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-5,6-dicarboxylicimide core, respectively. The difunctionalized BTZI-TPA with imide and thiadiazole shows higher hole mobility, better aligned energy levels, and stronger interaction with uncoordinated Pb2+ on the perovskite surface, suppressing NRR and carrier accumulation at the interface of perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD and yielding enhanced open-circuit voltage and fill factor. Consequently, the PSC based on BTZI-TPA delivers a high efficiency of 24.06% with an excellent fill factor of 83.10%, superior to that (21.47%) of the reference cell without an interfacial layer, and 21.45% efficiency for the device with a scaled-up area (1.00 cm2). These results underscore the potential of imide and thiadiazole groups in developing interfacial layers with strong passivation capability, effective charge transport property, and fine-tuned energetics for stable and efficient PSCs.

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Depth-dependent electronic band structure at the Au/CH₃NH₃PbI_3−xCl_x junction

Abstract: The electronic properties of the interface between Au and the lead halide perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3−xClx) were investigated by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS).

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Metal Halide Perovskite/Electrode Contacts in Charge‐Transporting‐Layer‐Free Devices

Metal Halide Perovskite/Electrode Contacts in Charge‐Transporting‐Layer‐Free Devices

Marked Passivation Effect of Naphthalene‐1,8‐Dicarboximides in High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Interfacial Passivation Engineering for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with a Fill Factor over 83%

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