Depth profiles of ceramic tiles by using orthogonal double‐pulse laser induced breakdown spectrometry

Abstract

The potential of a double pulse (DP) excitation scheme for in-depth characterization of ceramic samples using laser induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS) has been demonstrated. For this purpose, two Q-switched Nd : YAG lasers in orthogonal configuration were employed, the first one to ablate the sample (1064 nm) and the second one (532 nm) to excite the ablated material. Light emission was collected by a spectrograph and detected by an intensified charge-coupled device (CCD) detector. Optimal conditions such as relative laser beam positions, laser pulse energies, inter-pulse separation and CCD delay time were studied. Depth profiles were evaluated on the basis of various elemental compositions in both layers of ceramic samples. The depth resolution with DP configuration was improved by almost twofold as compared to the single-pulse approach. The reproducibility of the depth profiles is also twice better with double pulse LIBS.

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy—An Emerging Analytical Tool for Mineral Exploration

“…This allows for in situ analysis of individual particles, mineral grains, or inclusions [33,[37][38][39][40][41], as well as the fine-scale compositional mapping of a complex sample such as a chemically zoned mineral [42][43][44][45][46][47], the analysis of thin crusts, coatings, or surface alteration zones without substrate interference [48], or chemical analysis at highly spatially resolved spatial scales to below~10 µm [47,[49][50][51][52][53][54]. Stratigraphic analysis of a sample by depth profiling is also possible, as sequential ablation forms a vertical crater that progressively bores down into a sample with successive laser pulses [55][56][57].…”

Atomic spectrometry update. Industrial analysis: metals, chemicals and advanced materials

“…However, one of the more novel methods to have been used was described by Ctvrtnickova and colleagues who used orthogonal double pulse LIBS to achieve depth-profiling of ceramic tiles. 362 Two Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers in orthogonal configuration were employed, the first at 1064 nm to ablate the material and the second, at 532 nm to excite it. The light emitted from the excited sample plume was measured using a spectrograph equipped with a CCD detector.…”

Mechanization of measurement of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy/ring-oven pre-concentration: determination of copper in cachaça

“…4 Lateral and depth spatial resolutions are easily achieved. [5][6][7] Despite the efforts to extend the scope of LIBS to samples in all physical states (gaseous, liquid and solid), the success of the technique has been undoubtedly attested only for solid samples. The difficulties with liquid samples arise from the lose of laser pulse energy to volatilize sample solvents, resulting in lower energy for sample ablation and excitation, and from changes in the liquid surface following the incidence of laser pulses.…”