Der Einfluss unterschiedlicher Vaterrassen in praxisüblichen Schweinekreuzungen auf deren Ansatzleistung, Schlachtkörperzusammensetzung sowie Fleisch- und Fettbeschaffenheit

Abstract

Abstract. Title of the paper: Effect of sire breeds in commercial pig crosses on growth, carcass composition, meat and fat quality 200 weaners from a large field trial in Niedersachsen to test different German and foreign sire breeds for their ability to improve the quality of market products were put at an individual feeding trial at the FAL-Nutrition Institute in Braunschweig. It was the aim of this feeding trial to compare the effects of different fat additions to the diet, sire breeds, sexes and slaughter weights upon growth and usual carcass traits but also upon several additional meat and fat quality traits. The trial was carried out in two blocks with 96 pigs each with the sire breeds Pietrain of the two MHS-genotypes PP (stress susceptible) and NN (stress resistant), Duroc and Hamsphire*Duroc (both NN) as preferrably used in Denmark. As control in both blocks the BHZP-standard boar 65 (PI*HA(NN)) was used. Here only the sire breed effects will be reported. In daily gain and energy conversion only DU-progeny differed significantly from the control (+33g, −1.32 MJ/kg). The tissue dissection showed that PI(PP)-, DU- and HA*DU-progeny had 0.8–1.0% higher bone and respectively lower residual components (lean, fat, tissue). In carcass measurements PI(PP) progeny were the leanest followed by PI(NN), and DU progeny had the smallest loin eye areas and carcass lean contents. This affected the carcass cuts such that PI(PP) progeny had a 1.2 % (= 1.08 kg) higher sum of primal cuts and DU progeny with –0,8% (−400g) below the control were the poorest. In meat quality traits only the heterozygote stress susceptible PI(PP) progeny showed highly significant poorer values than all other crosses, which differed little from each other. This was confirmed by drip losses 2 and 4 days post mortem, which were 1.3–1.6% higher than the control whereas DU progeny were the best with –0.6%. Chemical analysis of a loin sample produced for both Danish sire breeds significantly higher intramuscular fat (+0.36–0.38%) and for PI(PP) progeny with –0.32% the lowest values, but the overall mean reached only 1.3% intramuscular fat. The protein and glycogen contents of loin revieled the expected large deviations of Hamsphire progeny due to the dominant RN- gene (−0.8–1 % protein, +10–14 μmol/g glycogen). All HA-free crossbreds did not differ much. The fatty acid composition of backfat and intramuscular fat showed much smaller differences between sire breeds than between fat supplements to the ration, but Danish sire breeds transmitted higher contents of polyunsaturated and Omega 3 fatty acids than the other sire breeds. Finally, for animals of the second trial also a sensoric test of loin samples was performed at the Federal Meat Research Institute. There subjective scores for tenderness and juiciness as well as grill losses showed significant sire breed differences. But contrary to expectation both Danish sire breeds produced inferior quality in all three traits to PI*HA(NN) control sire groups.

Effects of different dietary fat sources on the fatty acid profile of backfat and intramuscular fat of pigs of various sire breeds

“…More details on the feeding experiment, the slaughtering of pigs, sample taking and detailed analytical and statistical methods were described previously (Kratz, 2003;Glodek et al, 2004).…”

Fattening, carcass and meat quality traits of hybrid pigs as influenced by MHS genotype and feeding systems

“…The MHS stress gene is of special interest in that respect. It was found that reactors to halothane have higher carcass lean content (inter alia AALHUS et al, 1991;POMMIER et al, 1992), but this trait is clearly connected with stress susceptibility resulting in poor meat quality (SATHER et al, 1991;SIMPSON and WEBB, 1989;GÖDEKE et al, 1998;GLODEK et al, 2004). However, differences in fattening traits, carcass and meat quality between MHS gene carriers and homozygous negative pigs are less clear.…”

Vergleichende Untersuchungen von Wachstumsverläufen bei Schweinen – 1. Mitteilung: Wachstumsverläufe bei Gruppen- und Einzeltiervergleichen

“…Denn im Verlauf des Wachstums wirken in jedem einzelnen Abschnitt mit wechselnder Intensität endo-und exogene, wachstumsbeeinflussende Faktoren (De DECKER et al, 2005;RICHTER et al, 2005;SCHLEGEL und MATTHES, 2005). Durch den Menschen beeinflussbare Faktoren sind Rasse (GLODEK et al, 2004;VOLK et al, 2004) und Geschlecht der Tiere (FISCHER et al, 2006;STEINBERG et al, 1992), Haltung (JENSEN und HENKEL, 1991;STEINBERG et al, 1992;MICKLICH et al 2002) sowie die Fütterung (KUHN et al, 1987a,b;GREGOR et al, 1988;NONN und JEROCH, 2000;SCHULZE et al, 2001). Zur Ermittlung weiterer Faktoren, die offensichtlich geringer als die eben genannten erkennbar sind, wurden eine Reihe von Untersuchungen durchgeführt, die sich mit Wachstumsverläufen beschäftigten (FITZHUGH, 1976;KUHN et al, 1987b;BLACK, 1995;SCHLEGEL und MATTHES, 2005).…”