Derecho Hazards in the United States

Ashley, Walker S.; Mote, Thomas L.

doi:10.1175/bams-86-11-1577

Cited by 90 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…2). This spatial distribution follows the patterns found by Ashley and Mote (2005) for all fatalities caused by derecho winds. A concentration of deaths occurred in the Megalopolis region from southern New England to northern Virginia where population density is greatest.…”

Section: Thunderstorm Windssupporting

confidence: 84%

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Human fatalities from wind-related tree failures in the United States, 1995–2007

Schmidlin

2008

Nat Hazards

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There were 407 deaths from wind-related tree failures in the United States, 1995States, -2007. The most common cause of the deadly fallen tree was a thunderstorm (41%), followed by nonconvective high winds (35%), tropical cyclones (14%), tornadoes (7%), and snow and ice (3%). Most (62%) of the deaths were males while the median age was 44 years. The most common location of the fatality was in a vehicle struck by the tree or a vehicle that crashed into a downed tree on the road (44%), followed by persons outdoors (38%), in mobile homes (9%), and in frame houses (9%). Persons killed by wind-related tree failures during tropical cyclones and tornadoes were more commonly at home (40%) when struck than those killed at home by thunderstorm and nonconvective high winds (13%)

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Section: Thunderstorm Windssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This was 53% of all deaths due to thunderstorms. About 40% of these thunderstorms are expected to have been associated with derechos (Ashley and Mote 2005). Most (58%) of the deaths were male, the median age was 39 years (range 1-89 years), and deaths occurred primarily to persons in vehicles (47%) and outdoors (40%) ( Table 1).…”

Section: Thunderstorm Windsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human fatalities from wind-related tree failures in the United States, 1995–2007

Schmidlin

2008

Nat Hazards

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“…However, in intense or organized systems winds can exceed 70 m s Ϫ1 (Fujita and Wakimoto 1981), easily damaging structures and putting lives at risk. Ashley (2004) found that approximately 21 deaths and 360 injuries occur every year from damaging convective winds, and Fujita and Wakimoto (1981) documented a single widespread, long-lived windstorm that caused nearly a billion dollars in damage. Clearly, severe wind-producing storms are of great concern to operational forecasters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Convective Wind Environments

Kuchera¹,

Parker

2006

Weather and Forecasting

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Nontornadic thunderstorm winds from long-lived, widespread convective windstorms can have a tremendous impact on human lives and property. To examine environments that support damaging wind producing convection, sounding parameters from Rapid Update Cycle model analyses (at 3-hourly intervals) from 2003 were compared with 7055 reports of damaging winds and 377 081 occurrences of lightning. Groundrelative wind velocity was the most effective at discriminating between damaging and nondamaging wind convective environments. Steep surface-based lapse rates (a traditional damaging wind parameter) generally did not discriminate between damaging and nondamaging wind convective environments. Other parameters, such as convective available potential energy, humidity aloft, and lapse rates aloft were moderately discriminating. This paper presents a composite damaging wind algorithm in which the two most discriminatory parameters were combined, yielding more skill than any individual parameter. Damaging wind environments are then examined further through a selection of cases that highlight common severe wind ingredients and failure modes. A primary result is that, even in seemingly favorable environments, when the winds at the top of the inflow layer were either parallel to the convective line or blowing from warm to cold over a front, damaging winds were less likely. In the former case, it appears that the downdraft winds and the cold pool's gust-front-normal flow are not additive. In the latter case, it appears that convection becomes elevated and does not produce downdrafts that reach the surface. Combining the most discriminatory severe wind parameters with knowledge of these severe wind failure modes may help to improve the situational awareness of forecasters.

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“…4). Areal coverage of nontornadic convective wind events can be exceptionally large, as the damage path can span distances of several states (Ashley and Mote 2005). Particularly, intense windstorms are classified as derecho events if 50-kt winds are consistently produced over 386 km and if at least three 65-kt wind reports are featured every 64 km (Troutman et al 2001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thunderstorm Hazard vulnerability for the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan region

Paulikas

Ashley

2011

Nat Hazards

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Most U.S. metropolitan regions have experienced urban ''sprawl,'' or the outward spreading of urban development from city centers. For cities lying in areas prone to severe weather, the sprawl phenomenon exposes greater numbers of developed areas and inhabitants to a variety of thunderstorm hazards. This study's principal goal is to determine how urbanization growth patterns affect a region's vulnerability to severe weather events. To assess how sprawl may impact vulnerability to tornadoes, hail, and convective wind events, an analysis examining potential loss may be utilized. This study employs two distinct approaches to examine how the Atlanta area's rapid and extensive development during the latter half of the twentieth Century has affected its overall potential exposure to thunderstorm hazards. First, archived census data are used to estimate overall impacts from hypothetical significant tornado, nontornadic convective wind, and hail events occurring at different time periods throughout several locations in the Atlanta metropolitan region. Second, economic factors are integrated into the analysis, which assists in determining how these hypothetical severe event scenarios may have changed from a cost standpoint if they were to occur in 2006 as opposed to 1960.

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Derecho Hazards in the United States

Cited by 90 publications

References 31 publications

Human fatalities from wind-related tree failures in the United States, 1995–2007

Human fatalities from wind-related tree failures in the United States, 1995–2007

Severe Convective Wind Environments

Thunderstorm Hazard vulnerability for the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan region

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