Descrição dos acidentes domésticos ocorridos na infância

Abstract

ResumoOs acidentes domésticos infantis são importante fonte de preocupação, pois são causas crescentes de mortalidade e invalidez no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e descrever os acidentes domiciliares na infância na área AbstractThe childhood home accidents are an important source of concern, as they are growing causes of mortality and disability in Brazil. The aim of this study was to identify and describe childhood home accidents of a Health Community Agent Strategy (EACS) in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. This is a descriptive, retrospective, quantitative study accomplished through a structured questionnaire applied with parents or guardians of children aged between zero and 12 years in the home environment. The study included fifty parents or guardians. One hundred and four household accidents were recorded. Nineteen children (38.0%) were male and 31 (62.0%) were female. Regarding age, six accidents (12.0%) occurred among children aged from three to eight months, 15 accidents (30.0%) involved children from eight months to less than four-years, 11 accidents (22.0%) occurred in children from four to less than eight years and 18 accidents (36.0%) occurred with children from eight to 12 years. The study shows that the parents' presence does not prevent accidents from occurring, since in 97 (93.3%) accidents the children were accompanied by the parents. The types of accidents registered were electric shock, impact, cuts, slips, poisoning, airway obstruction, fall and burn. Among these, falls were the most common. It was concluded that children are very vulnerable to accidents and that the home environment may involve risks or safety.

Fatores de risco no ambiente doméstico para quedas em crianças menores de cinco anos

“…In a study with the objective of identifying and describing childhood home-based accidents in the area covered by a Community Health Agent Strategy (CHAS) of Montes Claros-MG, Brazil, with a predominance of falls, it was verified that 26 families had monthly income greater than one minimum wage and less than two (52%), and 24 families with monthly income less than one minimum wage (42%); in accordance with this study, whose prevalence was of income greater than one and less than two minimum wages (6) .…”

“…Accidents are important threats to the health and well-being of children and, as their occurrence has serious consequences, it is essential to identify the risks in the environment (5) . Nursing professionals should develop programs for prevention, by conducting lectures to raise the awareness of risks and to reduce such accidents in society (6) . Therefore, the occurrence of accidents during child-hood is due to a series of environmental risk factors, which may be closely related to family behavior, social, economic, educational and cultural aspects (7) .…”

Análise das notificações de acidentes pediátricos na cidade de São Paulo

“…Os acidentes domésticos são frequentes, pois nem sempre os pais conhecem as limitações de cada fase da vida dos filhos e, em muitos casos, ignoram os perigos dentro de casa. No Brasil, os acidentes domésticos infantis são causa crescente de morbimortalidade 3,17 .…”

“…Os acidentes também são responsáveis por eventos não fatais e sequelas que podem afetar negativamente a qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes 2 . Segundo Xavier-Gomes et al 3 , o grupo infantil é o mais vulnerável: quanto mais jovem e imatura for a criança, menor será sua percepção de risco, e maior sua exposição aos acidentes. A vulnerabilidade da criança é variável em função do nível de coordenação de seu sistema nervoso, aptidão motora, senso de percepção de risco e outros fatores 3 .…”

"A Casa dos 7 Erros": Utilização de tecnologia educativa para prevenção de acidentes domésticos

“…Em função do período que permanecem em casa, cerca de dois terços dos acidentes com crianças ocorrem no ambiente doméstico. Necessita-se, portanto, que os pais ou responsáveis possuam o conhecimento acerca dos riscos do ambiente, e com isso medidas podem ser tomadas a fim de evitar estes acidentes, diminuindo a ocorrência destes agravos (XAVIER-GOMES et al, 2013).…”