Description of a new species of Eupsophus (Amphibia: Neobatrachia) from the Valdivian Coastal range, Southern Chile: an integrative taxonomic approach

Abstract

We describe a new species of Eupsophus from the Coastal Range of Southern Chile. The new taxon can be differentiated using an integrative taxonomic approach that includes advertisement call, reproductive mode, tadpoles, and mtDNA D-loop sequences. Based on karyological characters, the new species is assigned to the roseus Group (2N=30), and differs from all described species therein by having early winter breeding season, terrestrial tadpoles and its advertisement call with spectral elements reaching the 20 kHz. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial data place the new species as sister taxon of E. migueli. The discovery of this new species highlights the importance of the multisource approaches to discover cryptic diversity as well as to establish the basis for prioritizing policies and conservation efforts on Chilean batrachofauna.

Speciation in a biodiversity hotspot: phylogenetic relationships, species delimitation, and divergence times of the Patagonian ground frogs ofEupsophus roseusgroup (Alsodidae)

“…Similarly with E. migueli and E. altor , which were recovered as a single species by BFD but as two different species in the other analyses. Therefore, the greatest congruence indicate Clade B is composed by five different species ( Eupsophus sp., E. roseus, E. nahuelbutensis, E. contulmoensis and E. septentrionalis ), while Clade A by three ( E. altor, E. migueli, and E. insularis ) as it is suggested in previous works [78,82]. The differences among results of these species delimitation methods could be derived from its different sensibility to the ratio of population size to divergence time, such as it has been reported between BPP and bPTP [15].…”

Geographic boundaries and natural history notes of the microendemic endangered frog Eupsophus migueli Formas, 1977 (Alsodidae) in the Mahuidanche Range, southern Chile

“…Among these, E. altor was synonymized with E. migueli increasing the range of the latter. Correa et al (2017) downplay some diagnostic characters that identify E. altor (Núñez et al 2012). They argue that the karyotype, the maximum frequency of the spectral elements of the mating call, the morphometric analyses, and the lack of knowledge about the reproductive cycle and the larva of E. migueli, do not allow the differentiation of two species (see Núñez et al 2012).…”

“…Correa et al (2017) downplay some diagnostic characters that identify E. altor (Núñez et al 2012). They argue that the karyotype, the maximum frequency of the spectral elements of the mating call, the morphometric analyses, and the lack of knowledge about the reproductive cycle and the larva of E. migueli, do not allow the differentiation of two species (see Núñez et al 2012). Subsequently, Suárez-Villouta et al (2019) based on a new molecular analysis (including coalescence tests) concluded that the eight species recognized in the "roseus" group before the work of Correa et al (2017) were valid, which was corroborated by Correa and Durán (2019).…”

“…These species have a wide distribution range, being found from the remnant Maulino forest in the north (35°50'1.92"S, 72°30'36.31"W), to Isla Wellington in the south (46°25'S, 72°04'W) (Núñez et al 2012). The extent of occurrence of the genus is about 191,978 km², however, microendemic conditions have been documented for E. septentrionalis (Ibarra-Vidal et al 2004), E. insularis (Formas and Vera 1982), E. contulmoensis (Ortiz et al 1989), E. nahuelbutensis (Ortiz and Ibarra-Vidal 1992), E. altor (Núñez et al 2012) and E. migueli (Formas 1979. Here, we discuss the case of the microendemic frog Eupsophus migueli Formas, 1977.…”

An Integrative Approach to the Taxonomy ofOenopiellaBergroth (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Carpocorini) with the Description of Two New Species from Argentina and Southern Brazil

“…"Integrative taxonomy" is a conceptual multisource approach in which the nomination of a species is considered as a hypothesis subject to evaluation through different empirical evidence (Dayrat 2005, Padial et al 2009, Schlick-Steiner et al 2010, implying that the resulting species hypotheses will be better supported, as they are based on data from multiple sources (Nunez et al 2012). Morphology, DNA sequences, and geographic distributions have been considered the most relevant and useful operational criteria to assess lineage diversity , Schlick-Steiner et al 2010.…”