Description of five dirofilariasis cases in South Hungary and review epidemiology of this disease for the country

Dóczi, Ilona; Bereczki, László; Gyetvai, Tamás; Fejes, Imola; Szabó, Ágnes; Berkes, Szilvia; Tiszlavicz, László; Bartha, Noémi Anikó; Bende, Balázs; Kis, Erika; Kucsera, István

doi:10.1007/s00508-015-0825-4

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The result of this study is in line with the previous findings, as the prevalence of D. repens was 14.2%. Our results confirm that D. repens is widely distributed in the local dogs, presenting a continuous risk of human infection (Dóczi et al 2015). Microfilaraemic dogs occurred in 16 counties, but a significant (p = 0.044) cluster was found only in a region where D. repens was the most frequent filarioid parasite in mosquito samples collected in a 3-year surveillance programme between 2011 and 2013 (Kemenes et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The current situation of canine dirofilariosis in Hungary

et al. 2019

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Between April and September 2017, blood samples were collected from 344 randomly selected dogs older than 1 year in 180 settlements of 19 counties in Hungary. The dogs lived exclusively outdoors, had never travelled and had neither been examined for Dirofilaria infection nor treated against mosquitoes with insecticides or/and filarioid worms with macrocyclic lactones. Dirofilaria infection was examined with a modified Knott's test for microfilariae, DiroCHEK®, for the presence of D. immitis antigen, as well as by multiplex and conventional PCR. Altogether, 77 (22.4%) dogs living in 58 settlements of 17 counties were found to be infected with one or both Dirofilaria species based on the PCR techniques. Twenty-eight (8.1%) and 38 (11.1%) dogs were infected with D. immitis and D. repens, respectively. Coinfections were recorded in 11 samples (3.2%) collected in 11 locations of 8 counties. The results confirmed that both dirofilarioses are endemic in dogs and the eastern areas of the country are hyperendemic for heartworm disease. Temperature showed a significant association with the prevalence of D. immitis (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.24-4.86, p = 0.012) but not with that of D. repens (OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.78-2.47, p = 0.286). The prevalence of neither D. immitis (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-1.00, p = 0.213) nor D. repens (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99-1.01, p = 0.094) showed a significant correlation with precipitation. The number of yearly growing degree days (GDD) based on the lifecycle of Dirofilaria in mosquitoes ranged between 3.73 and 7.57 for the Hungarian districts. The GDD showed a significant positive association with the prevalence of D. immitis (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.43-4.15, p = 0.001) and a non-significant positive relationship with that of D. repens (OR 1.25, 95% CI 0.83-1.95, p = 0.291).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The current situation of canine dirofilariosis in Hungary

et al. 2019

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“…10 However, during the past 15 years, more autochthonous human cases have been reported from central Europe, one case of subcutaneous dirofilariasis from Austria, 11 the first autochthonous case in Germany in 2014, 12 and five more recent cases from southern Hungary. 13 Most zoonotic filariae depend on the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia for growth, development, fertility, and survival, 14 and therefore, it represents a potential target for therapeutic interventions. It has been shown recently that Wolbachia was present in 40 of 49 canine blood and adult nematode samples collected in Lithuania.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Successful Treatment of a Patient with Microfilaremic Dirofilariasis Using Doxycycline

Lechner

Gastager²,

Kern

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with microfilaremic dirofilariasis due to Dirofilaria repens, which is a very rare condition in humans. Of note, just one of six large-volume blood samples of this patient was positive for microfilariae. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the parasite gene determined the geographic origin of the causative helminth. The patient was treated successfully with doxycycline. This drug was chosen because of the patient's reluctance to the use of ivermectin and to provide an anthelmintic effect by targeting the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia present in most filarial species.

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“…3 Pada kasus filariasis juga ditemukan kasus dirofilariasis pada manusia dengan berbagai bentuk gejala. 2,[4][5][6] Penyakit ini berawal dari kasus sporadis yang biasanya tidak terdeteksi oleh tenaga kesehatan hingga menjadi endemis di suatu wilayah jika tidak segera ditangani dengan baik. 4 Kasus dirofilariasis pernah terjadi pada anak 11 tahun di Bali yang menderita inguinal lymphoma pada tahun 2001, tetapi kasus ini tidak terpublikasi di Indonesia.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Brugia malayi dan Dirofilaria spp sebagai penyebab Filariasis pada hewan reservoir di daerah endemis di Kalimantan

Andiarsa¹,

Hairani²,

Fadilly³

2018

J. Health Epidemiol. Commun. Dis.

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Abstrak. Penyakit limfatik filariasis dan dirofilariasis berpotensi zoonosis di Indonesia. Kurangnya data tentang dirofilariasis pada manusia dan hewan menjadi dasar alasan dilakukannya studi ini menggunakan metode studi observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sebanyak 201 hewan reservoir digunakan pada penelitian ini, yaitu kucing rumah (Felis catus), lutung (Presbytis cristatus), monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis), kucing hutan (Felis silvestris) dan anjing (Canis familiaris) di dua daerah endemis filariasis, yaitu Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU) dan Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat (KOBAR), Kalimantan. Pengambilan darah hewan melalui vena dilakukan pada malam hari. Keberadaan mikrofilaria dalam darah dideteksi melalui preparat ulas darah tebal dan tipis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 21% dan 28,7% hewan reservoir di Kabupaten HSU dan KOBAR secara berurutan terinfeksi mikrofilaria. Hewan domestikasi yang terinfeksi mikrofilaria lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan hewan liar. Berdasarkan agen penyebabnya, Dirofilaria spp. (20,89%) lebih dominan menginfeksi hewan reservoir, diikuti dengan Brugia malayi (2,48%). Infeksi campuran diperoleh dari 1,49% hewan reservoir. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa hewan reservoir di kedua kabupaten tersebut berpotensi sebagai sumber penularan filariasis, sekaligus sebagai sumber agen zoonosis pada kasus dirofilariasis. Pemantauan secara rutin dan terintegrasi serta kolaborasi antar stake holder lintas program harus terus dilakukan untuk memutus mata rantai penularan filariasis dan menghambat terjadinya penularan zoonosis dari dirofilariasis.

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Description of five dirofilariasis cases in South Hungary and review epidemiology of this disease for the country

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

The current situation of canine dirofilariosis in Hungary

The current situation of canine dirofilariosis in Hungary

Case Report: Successful Treatment of a Patient with Microfilaremic Dirofilariasis Using Doxycycline

Brugia malayi dan Dirofilaria spp sebagai penyebab Filariasis pada hewan reservoir di daerah endemis di Kalimantan

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