Description of the healthy eating indices-based diet quality in Turkish adults: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

ObjectivesThis study aims to describe the dietary status of Turkish adults using two different versions of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI).MethodsIn this cross sectional study, 494 healthy participants (311 females) with randomly selected and living in Ankara were included between September 2013 and March 2014. A questionnaire was completed and anthropometric measurements (weight and height) were performed. The 24-h dietary recall of individuals was collected. Diet quality was measured through HEI-2005 and HEI-2010 scores.ResultsThe mean age, body mass index (BMI), HEI-2005 and HEI-2010 scores of individuals were 32.9 ± 10.8 years; 25.0 ± 4.8 kg/m2; 56.1 ± 13.9 and 41.5 ± 13.7 points, respectively. Significant differences were found between mean HEI-2005 and HEI-2010 scores (p < 0.05). The individual’s whose diet quality needs to be improved according to mean HEI-2005 score, had poorer diet based on mean HEI-2010 scores. The highest mean HEI-2005 and HEI-2010 scores were stated in female, in subjects had low education levels, aged 51 years or older and in overweight groups (p <0.05). Both versions of healthy eating indices were correlated positively with BMI and ageConclusionDiet qualities of the individuals are associated with age, gender, education and BMI. Although the components and scores in HEI-2010 version were changed from the version of HEI-2005, the changes may encourage healthy choices of some food group. HEI-2010 gives more attention to food quality than HEI-2005. Thus, in the present study it was concluded that HEI-2010 provided more precise results about diet quality.

A structural equation modeling approach for the association of a healthy eating index with metabolic syndrome and cardio-metabolic risk factors among obese individuals

“…This finding has been confirmed in other studies [44]. Koksal et al reported that older people had higher total scores in diet quality compared to other age groups [44]. Additionally, this study found gender inequalities regarding diet quality and WC, SBP TG and HDL: our results showed women had better dietary guideline compliance [45] and consequently better metabolic status than men.…”

“…This inconsistency suggests that age-related reduction of physical activity may be a cause of age-related increases in obesity indices. This finding has been confirmed in other studies [44]. Koksal et al reported that older people had higher total scores in diet quality compared to other age groups [44].…”

Social determinants, lifestyle and diet quality: a population-based study from the 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo, Brazil

“…These conclusions may differ according to the population studied given that, in many developed countries, epidemiological studies observed a positive relationship between education and diet quality (34)(35)(36) . Another study that used the HEI-2005 and compared weight, age, sex and educational level of Turkish adults as potential factors for diet quality found that <8 years of education was associated with a diet quality score of 58•3 (SE 13•6) points and the highest education category (>8 years) had a score of 54•7 (SE 14•0) points, coinciding with the present study (49) . In the 2003 ISA-Nutrition (41) , saturated fat and SoFAAS components increased in individuals with a higher education level and an inverse association was found between years of study and BHEI-R.…”

Diet Quality and Satisfaction with Life, Family Life, and Food-Related Life across Families: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study with Mother-Father-Adolescent Triads

“…One possible explanation for this result is that males tend to be less motivated with regards to their eating behavior in comparison to females [ 54 ], even if their spouses promote healthy eating habits at home [ 18 ]. In this sense, previous studies have shown that males have poorer diet quality than females [ 55 , 56 , 57 ].…”