Description of the Transcriptomes of Immune Response-Activated Hemocytes from the Mosquito Vectors
            <i>Aedes aegypti</i>
            and
            <i>Armigeres subalbatus</i>

Bartholomay, Lyric C.; Cho, Wen-Long; Rocheleau, Thomas A.; Boyle, Jon P.; Beck, Eric T.; Fuchs, Jeremy F.; Liss, Paul; Rusch, Michael; Butler, Katherine M.; Wu, Roy Chen-Chih; Lin, Shih-Pei; Kuo, Hang-Yen; Tsao, I-Yu; Huang, Chiung-Yin; Liu, Tze-Tze; Hsiao, Kwang‐Jen; Tsai, Shih‐Feng; Yang, Ueng Cheng; Nappi, Anthony J.; Perna, Nicole T.; Chen, Chen-Cheng; Christensen, Bruce M.

doi:10.1128/iai.72.7.4114-4126.2004

Cited by 131 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…17 In mosquitoes of the genera Anopheles and Armigeres, FBG-like proteins have been implicated in immune responses to microbes or malaria parasites because their transcript levels are up-regulated after infection. [19][20][21][22][23] Sialic-acid-binding lectins which contain FBG domains have been identified from the slug Limax flavus and found to be down-regulated after parasitism. 25 With respect to human ficolins, which are the best-studied FBG-bearing proteins in terms of structure and function, three types of ficolins (L-, H-, and M-ficolin) have lectin activity and can activate the lectin complement pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profiling and binding properties of fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs), plasma proteins from the schistosome snail host Biomphalaria glabrata

2008

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A growing body of evidence suggests an important role for fibrinogen-like proteins in innate immunity in both vertebrates and invertebrates. It has been shown that fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs), plasma proteins present in the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata, the intermediate host for the human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni, are diverse and involved in snail innate defense responses. To gain further insight into the functions of FREPs, recombinant FREP proteins (rFREPs) were produced in Escherichia coli and antibodies (Abs) were raised against the corresponding rFREPs. We first show that most FREP proteins exist in their native conformation in snail hemolymph as multimeric proteins. Western blot analyses reveal that expression of multiple FREPs including FREP4 in plasma from M line and BS-90 snails, which are susceptible and resistant to S. mansoni infection, respectively, is up-regulated significantly after infection with the trematode Echinostoma paraensei. Moreover, our assays demonstrate that FREPs are able to bind E. paraensei sporocysts and their secretory/excretory products (SEPs), and a variety of microbes (Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeast). Furthermore, this binding capability shows evidence of specificity with respect to pathogen type; for example, 65-75-kDa FREPs (mainly FREP4) bind to E. paraensei sporocysts and their SEPs whereas 95-kDa and 125-kDa FREPs bind the microbes assayed. Our results suggest that FREPs can recognize a wide range of pathogens, from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, and different categories of FREPs seem to exhibit functional specialization with respect to the pathogen encountered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profiling and binding properties of fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs), plasma proteins from the schistosome snail host Biomphalaria glabrata

2008

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“…Besides viral infection, a number of apoptosis-related genes, as well as other immune response genes, are expressed in hemocytes of Ae. aegypti and Armigeres subalbatus infected with bacterial pathogens (Bartholomay et al, 2004). In addition, Plasmodium can elicit pathology resembling apoptosis in mosquito vectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annotation and expression profiling of apoptosis-related genes in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti

Bryant¹,

Blair²,

Olson³

et al. 2007

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Apoptosis has been extensively studied in Drosophila by both biochemical and genetic approaches, but there is a lack of knowledge about the mechanisms of apoptosis regulation in other insects. In mosquitoes, apoptosis occurs during Plasmodium and arbovirus infection in the midgut, suggesting that apoptosis plays a role in mosquito innate immunity. We searched the Aedes aegypti genome for apoptosis-related genes using Drosophila and Anopheles gambiae protein sequences as queries. In this study we have identified eleven caspases, three inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins, a previously unreported IAP antagonist, and orthologs of Drosophila Ark, Dnr1, and BG4 (also called dFadd). While most of these genes have been previously annotated, we have improved the annotation of several of them, and we also report the discovery of four previously unannotated apoptosis-related genes. We examined the developmental expression profile of these genes in Ae. aegypti larvae, pupae and adults, and we also studied the function of a novel IAP antagonist, IMP. Expression of IMP in mosquito cells caused apoptosis, indicating that it is a functional pro-death protein. Further characterization of these genes will help elucidate the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis regulation in Ae. aegypti.

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“…Despite its similarity across many taxa, Hsc70 is diverse in its functions (Takei & Haucke, 2001;Zhao et al, 2009). In the mosquito Aedes aegypti, Hsc70 isoform B is differentially expressed in response to treatment with heat shock (Nirdé et al, 2010); however, it was identified in an immune response-activated haemocyte library derived from the mosquito Armigeres subalbatus (Bartholomay et al, 2004). The increased expression of Hsc70 has also been shown in Anopheles gambiae when infected by the o'nyong-nyong virus (ONNV) (Sim et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Heat shock cognate protein 70 isoform D is required for clathrin-dependent endocytosis of Japanese encephalitis virus in C6/36 cells

Chuang

Yang

Chen

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), one of encephalitic flaviviruses, is naturally transmitted by mosquitoes. During infection, JEV generally enters host cells via receptor-mediated clathrindependent endocytosis that requires the 70 kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp70). Heat-shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) is one member of the Hsp70 family and is constitutively expressed; thus, it may be expressed under physiological conditions. In C6/36 cells, Hsc70 is upregulated in response to JEV infection. Since Hsc70 shows no relationship with viruses attaching to the cell surface, it probably does not serve as the receptor according to our results in the present study. In contrast, Hsc70 is evidently associated with virus penetration into the cell and resultant acidification of intracellular vesicles. It suggests that Hsc70 is highly involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis, particularly at the late stage of viral entry into host cells. Furthermore, we found that Hsc70 is composed of at least three isoforms, including B, C and D; of these, isoform D helps JEV to penetrate C6/36 cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. This study provides relevant evidence that sheds light on the regulatory mechanisms of JEV infection in host cells, especially on the process of clathrin-mediated endocytosis.

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Description of the Transcriptomes of Immune Response-Activated Hemocytes from the Mosquito Vectors Aedes aegypti and Armigeres subalbatus

Cited by 131 publications

References 58 publications

Expression profiling and binding properties of fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs), plasma proteins from the schistosome snail host Biomphalaria glabrata

Expression profiling and binding properties of fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs), plasma proteins from the schistosome snail host Biomphalaria glabrata

Annotation and expression profiling of apoptosis-related genes in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti

Heat shock cognate protein 70 isoform D is required for clathrin-dependent endocytosis of Japanese encephalitis virus in C6/36 cells

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