Desempenho de feijão-vagem arbustivo, sob cultivo orgânico em duas épocas

Abstract

Seis genótipos de feijão-vagem arbustivo foram avaliados em Anápolis-GO, sob sistema orgânico de produção, nos períodos de outono-inverno (2002) e primavera-verão (2002/2003). Avaliou-se a precocidade, produtividade de vagens, peso e número de vagens por planta, total e comercial, peso e número de vagens com defeito (%), produtividade e peso de 100 sementes. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos (linhagens Hab 1, Hab 19, Hab 39, Hab 46, e as cultivares Coralina e Turmalina), em quatro repetições. Todos os genótipos apresentaram maior rendimento no período de outono-inverno. As cultivares Coralina e Turmalina foram as mais precoces nos dois períodos. As maiores produtividades, total e comercial, observadas no outono-inverno foram apresentadas por 'Coralina' e linhagem Hab 39, superando 'Turmalina', mas igualaram-se às demais linhagens, enquanto que na primavera-verão 'Coralina' mostrou-se superior apenas à linhagem Hab 46.

Production components and yield of bushing snap bean in conventional and organic production systems

“…For bushing snap beans, Moreira et al (2009) observed a lower number of pods per plant, considering the averages of this study, for the conventional system, ranging from 2.2 to 7.1 pods per plant. In contrast, Vidal et al (2007), using the organic system during autumn-winter, reported values of between 9.5 and 14.1 for the average pods per plant, similar to those obtained in this study.…”

“…*Significant at 5%, **Significant at 1%, ns Not significant. The average pod mass values are lower than those obtained by Vidal et al (2007) in organic farming. However, it should be emphasized that the environment and genotypes evaluated by these authors were not the same as those evaluated in the present study, and the differences in these values are certainly related to the association between genetic and environmental effects, which influences the time required for the genotypes to reach the harvest point.…”

“…These systems are based on the intensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which increase productivity in the short term (SOUZA, 2005). However, these systems have limitations, such as a heavy dependence on industrialized inputs, and negative impact on humans and the environment (VIDAL et al, 2007). The evaluation of snap beans in different production systems is important to compare and identify the advantages of one system in relation to another, mainly in terms of yield and quality of the final product.…”

“…Organic farming has grown in Brazil, due in particular to consumer demand for healthier foods, coupled with the growing evidence of environmental damage from conventional agriculture (VIDAL et al, 2007). This type of farming is based on the ecological stability of the environment, through practices that includethe recycling of organic matter and use of natural resources (ALTIERI; NICHOLLS, 1999).…”

“…In general, in the organic system the genotypes had delayed flowering, which started on the 38th day and extend until the 40th day, except for UEL 1, for which a higher average flowering was observed in the conventional system, and for Isla Manteiga Baixo, for which no statistical difference was observed when comparing the systems (Table 1). Vidal et al (2007) reported that the beginning of flowering in bushing snap beans under organic farming, in the autumn-winter, was between 46 and 47 days after sowing.…”