Desempenho de quatro cultivares de morangueiro em duas regiões ecoclimáticas do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

A escolha das cultivares possui importância relevante para alcançar o sucesso no cultivo do morangueiro. No entanto, as pesquisas com cultivares, normalmente ocorrem em sistemas convencionais de produção e não em sistemas de cultivo sem solo. Em função disso, avaliaram-se quatro cultivares de morangueiro em sistema sem solo, em casas de vegetação, em duas localidades, com condições ecoclimáticas diferentes, em Eldorado do Sul (Depressão Central) e Caxias do Sul (Serra do Nordeste), no RS. Foram estudadas as cultivares de morangueiro Aromas, Camarosa, Oso Grande e Tudla. O plantio ocorreu em maio de 2005, sendo as mudas colocadas em sacolas que continham substrato composto de 50% de turfa e 50% de casca de arroz queimada. A adubação foi realizada via fertirrigação. A colheita foi feita quando os frutos apresentavam 70% de cor avermelhada até totalmente vermelhos. Os resultados mostraram que o morango, em cultivo sem solo, embora apresentasse menor rendimento por planta que em cultivo tradicional, propiciou melhor aproveitamento interno da casa de vegetação, com reflexos positivos no rendimento por área, em função da alta densidade de plantas e maior facilidade de manejo da cultura. A cultura do morangueiro apresentou maior produtividade no cultivo realizado em Caxias do Sul (235,8 g planta-1), quando comparado a Eldorado do Sul (196,4 g planta-1) mesmo sem interação entre locais e cultivares. Em Caxias do Sul, as cultivares Aromas, Oso Grande e Camarosa apresentaram maiores produtividades quando comparadas a Tudla, mas nenhuma delas apresentou diferença em Eldorado do Sul.

Biplot analysis of strawberry genotypes recommended for the State of Espírito Santo

“…According to Cruz et al (2012), a coefficient of experimental variation estimates (CV) below 20% denotes a high level of experimental precision for phenotypic traits with continuous distribution. The value obtained from this study (CV = 19.26%) thus indicates reliable results, and corresponds with observed results for this trait as noted in other strawberry crop studies (Radmann et al, 2006;Moncada et al, 2008;Resende et al, 2010;Randin et al, 2011;Costa et al, 2015). *Significant at 1% probability by the F test.…”

“…Thus, Camarosa is indicated as the closest surveyed genotype to the ideal model for production within the evaluated environments. These results correspond to those reported by Resende et al (2010) and Randin et al (2011), which verified that this genotype results in high productivity yields in three cultivation environments evaluated in the State of Paraná and in two locations surveyed in Rio Grande do Sul, respectively. In sum, based on the results obtained from the two methods used in this study to investigate the G x A x L interaction, we recommend growing the Camarosa genotype for production at the three locations assessed due to the high frequency of favorable alleles, which were expressed in all localities evaluated regardless of agricultural year.…”

“…Strawberries are grown in temperate and subtropical climate regions in Brazil, and are mainly produced on small farms for either in natura consumption or subsequent processing (Witter et al, 2012). According to Randin et al (2011), Brazil's annual strawberry production is around 100,000 tons, with an average yield of 30 tons per hectare. In Espírito Santo State, strawberry cultivation has increased over the years, and has played an important socioeconomic role, mainly due to the increased income associated with small farms and the establishment of more workers in rural areas as a result of the amount of manual labor required during the growing season (Costa et al, 2015).…”

Genetic divergence of strawberry cultivars under different managements

“…It is important to mention that the estimates of coefficient of variation obtained were lower than 15% for all traits, indicating high experimental precision and credibility of the joint analysis. Estimates of coefficient of variation observed in the joint analysis are similar to those reported in other strawberry studies (RADMANN et al, 2006;MONCADA et al, 2008;RESENDE et al, 2010;RANDIN et al, 2011;COSTA et al, 2015;COSTA et al, 2016). According to Cruz et al (2012), coefficient of variation lower than 20% indicates high experimental precision for quantitative traits, such as those evaluated in this study.…”

Artificial vernalization in strawberry plants: phyllochron, production and quality

“…The number of commercial fruits (NCF) of the Camarosa cultivar was higher to those reported by Radin et al, (2011), whom evaluated the number of fruits per plant of four cultivars. They found, on average, a value of 15.6 and 20.0 fruits for the Camarosa cultivar, this difference may be related to the local temperature differences and also to the genotype used.…”