Desempenho e divergência genética de genótipos de tomate para processamento industrial

Abstract

Performance and genetic divergence of tomato genotypes for industrial processingThe growth of the tomato market for industrial processing arouses the interest of national institutions and multinational companies of vegetable seeds in the development of new hybrids. The objective of the study was evaluate the performance and genetic divergence of tomato genotypes, with respect to fruit firmness, fruit maturation concentration, jointless, plant vigor, leaf cover of the fruit, plant healthiness, average yield per plant and soluble solids (°Brix). First, we evaluated 53 hybrids, three of them being controls and one of the controls being H9553, the most sown hybrid in Brazil. Only 12 genotypes and the commercial hybrid H9553 presented the necessary criteria for processing tomatoes, based on characteristics fruit firmness, concentration of fruit maturation and lack of peduncle retention index. Genotypes 1, 18 and 48 stood out for soluble solids, concentration of fruit maturation and fruit firmness, respectively. The genetic divergence and groupings reveals that genotypes 1 and 18 present dissimilarity from the other genotypes. While the first showed a higher average plant vigor, leaf cover of the fruit, plant sanity and °Brix, the second revealed a lower average fruit firmness, concentration of fruit maturation and °Brix. Hybrid 3, 6, 8, 14, 24, 37 and 48 showed genetic similarity with the commercial hybrid H9553, which characterizes them as potential for generating new hybrids with high productivity and quality and, consequently, with acceptability of the industrial tomato production chain. Additionally, due to their favorable characteristics, they can be used for further crosses with genotypes of other groups which also present favorable characteristics.

Hierarchical and optimization methods for the characterization of tomato genotypes

“…Therefore, it is difficult to analyze the divergence between genotypes when applying the Tocher method, since most of them are in only one group. In a study on genetic dissimilarity of 13 tomato hybrids, Luz et al (2016) found similar results 1 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 10#3.9, 2 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 8#2.3, 3 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 10#8.7, 4 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 7#7.1, 5 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 7#4.3, 6 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 13#2.1, 7 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 13#2.5, 8 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 10#3.6, 9 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 8#2.1, 10 -Santa Clara; 11 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 8#2.4, 12 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 8#2.2; 13 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 7#4.7, 14 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 13#4.2, 15 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 13#4.1, 16 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 13#4.4, 17 -UFU-057 and 18 -UFU-057F 2 RC 2 8#2.9…”

“…The principal component analysis (PCA) is used to identify the variable that contributed the most and contributed the least to the differentiation of the genotypes (Cruz et al, 2012). However, there is no consensus as to the best grouping method for evaluating tomato germplasm with different levels of pest resistance (Luz et al, 2016).…”

Bioestimulantes em sementes de olerícolas submetidos a testes de germinação e vigor

“…Das espécies propagadas por sementes, a cenoura (Daucus carota), tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) e a alface (Lactuca sativa), possuem uma grande aceitação no mercado devido suas características nutritivas. A parte comercializada e consumida da cenoura é sua raiz, rica em betacaroteno e fibras, devido seu florescimento ser caracterizado por um amplo período, as sementes ficam expostas a desuniformidades e diferenciação em qualidade fisiológica [4]. Encontra-se entre as dez espécies de hortaliças mais cultivadas no Brasil [4].…”

“…A parte comercializada e consumida da cenoura é sua raiz, rica em betacaroteno e fibras, devido seu florescimento ser caracterizado por um amplo período, as sementes ficam expostas a desuniformidades e diferenciação em qualidade fisiológica [4]. Encontra-se entre as dez espécies de hortaliças mais cultivadas no Brasil [4]. O tomate possui fins diversificados como in natura, processado como suco, pasta, molho ou vendido seco para consumo [5].…”

Estimativas de ganho genético por diferentes critérios de seleção em genótipos de tomateiro sob deficiência hídrica

“…Considerada uma das hortaliças de maior importância em escala mundial, o tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum L.) é amplamente cultivado em todas as regiões do Brasil, mostrando adaptabilidade sob as diferentes condições climáticas do país (ALVARENGA 2013;LUZ et al, 2016). Essa hortaliça desempenha um papel socioeconômico importante no país, devido à geração de renda e emprego (CARVALHO et al,.…”