Design and analysis 5G mobile network model to enhancement high-density subscribers

Abstract

To obtain a high data rate that is commensurate with the growing demand for internet services, the fifth generation (5G) cellular networks will use the bandwidth beyond 6 GHz, called millimeters waves (mm-waves), to obtain a higher. The first phase (phase I) of the 5G network design for high user density, where the optimized microcells are deployed at carrier frequency 700 MHz with 20 MHz bandwidth. The second phase (phase II) of the design consists of the deployment of microcells which are operating at 3.6 GHz with 100 MHz bandwidth; this phase is planned to cover 200000 users within the province. The third phase (phase III) of the design is represented by the deployment of picocells, which are planned to operate at 26 GHz frequency and bandwidth 500 MHz; this phase is planned to cover 3,500,000 users within the province. Two types of modulation are adopted for the network (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)); the overall performance of the network is studied with regards to the percentage of coverage, power overlapping ratio, frequency interference, and quality of service (QoS).

Enhanced 5G contender based flat top weighted window communication systems

“…Mostly with advancement of technology, fresh demands for information transfer have constituted an unusual challenge for the cutting-edge cell infrastructure. Aside from the standard telecom advantages of cell phones, the current new generation, fifth generation (5G) [1], project is likely to strengthen traffic load that are in particular distinct from the previous counterparts, for illustration, machine type communication (MTC), internet of things (IoT), which seems to be using really quite tiny information transmission as discussed in [2] besides the streaming of different multimedia information [3]. Using adjustable waveforms is a crucial process for dealing with the upcoming challenges, which are shown by Banelli et al [4].…”

Wideband hybrid precoder for mmWave multiuser MIMO OFDM communications

“…In massive MIMO, the base station is generally equipped with a large number of antennas to serve one or multiple users where each user equipped at least with one antenna [3], [4]. Using massive MIMO can provide many benefits for 5G wireless systems by increasing the spatial multiplexing gain and diversity gain which lead to increase system capacity and link reliability, also enhance the spectral efficiency and energy efficiency [5], [6]. By increasing antennas number of massive MIMO system, the physical size of massive MIMO array will be large and practically unfeasible.…”

“…To overcome this difficulty, massive MIMO system along with millimeter wave transmission (mmWave) are used. Smaller wavelengths enable operations with more antenna elements per system within small area size [6]- [8]. For example, the size of massive MIMO with (8*8) uniform rectangular array (URA) operates at a frequency of 6 GHz is approximately 300 cm 2 , while its size when operates at a frequency of 28 GHz is approximately 14 cm 2 .…”

Improved performance of hybrid optical communications system

“…Several issues have hampered the performance of the (FSO) system, the most significant of which being atmospheric attenuation. Weather conditions like fog, rain, and snow are the primary causes of signal absorption and scattering [8,9], [12][13][14]. As a result, we can mitigate these issues by lengthening the transmission path and improving the received signal quality [10,11], [14,15].…”

“…Multi-beam (MIMO) technology eliminates transmission path interruptions caused by obstacles such as birds, insects, and weather attenuation such as fog, rain, snow, and scintillation. For example, low visibility occurs in coastal regions due to coastal fog, and the ideal solution is to use multi-beam (MIMO) to maintain perfect transmission path availability [10], [12]. MIMO replaces a single-beam transceiver with a multiple-beam transceiver in transmitter and receiver stations.…”