Design and Analysis of a Distributed and Demand-Based Backscatter MAC Protocol for Internet of Things Networks

Ma, Zhijie; Feng, Li; Xu, Fangxin

doi:10.1109/jiot.2018.2869015

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The backscatter tags contends for the transmission together with the Wi-Fi station for a shared channel. Reference [184] further proposed a Distributed and Demand-Based (DDB) protocol for a heterogeneous network, where backscatter tags use the Wi-Fi signals to transmit information to the AP. Unlike [183], the authors considered the AP's demand for the information of backscatter device, and let the Wi-Fi device and backscatter device perform the distributed contention in a separate manner.…”

Section: B Multiple-access Schemes and Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Wireless-Powered Networks With Backscatter Communications—A Comprehensive Survey

Rezaei

Tellambura

Herath

2020

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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Massive and ubiquitous deployment of devices in networks of fifth generation (5G) and beyond wireless has necessitated the development of ultra-low-power wireless communication paradigms. Recently, wireless-powered networks with backscatter communications (WPN-BCs) has been emerged as a most prominent technology for enabling large-scale selfsustainable wireless networks with the capabilities of RF energy harvesting (EH) and of extreme low power consumption. Therefore, we provide a comprehensive literature review on the fundamentals, challenges and the on-going research efforts in the domain of WPN-BCs. Our emphasis is on large-scale networks. In particular, we discuss signal processing aspects, network design issues and efficient communication techniques. Moreover, we review emerging technologies for WPN-BCs to bring about the best use of resources. Some applications of this innovative technology are also highlighted. Finally, we address some open research problems and future research directions.

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Section: B Multiple-access Schemes and Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Wireless-Powered Networks With Backscatter Communications—A Comprehensive Survey

Rezaei

Tellambura

Herath

2020

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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“…However, to the best of our knowledge, there is still no multiple access protocol for dedicated use in Wi-Fi backscatter communications to address the collision problem from a link layer perspective. Note that the multiple access solutions proposed in [16][17][18] aims to reduce collisions between multiple backscatter tags in conventional or monostatic backscatter system (e.g., RFID system). Nevertheless, they are difficult to be a dedicated approach for bistatic Wi-Fi backscatter communication because of the difference in their system model.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have been conducted to efficiently support multiple access for backscatter systems using multiple backscatter tags from a network perspective. Ma et al proposed a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA)-based solution to reduce collisions in the backscatter system, where the backscatter tags compete with each other for channel access using a binary exponential backoff (BEB) algorithm [16]. However, the carrier sensing process in CSMA/CA may require more energy than the energy harvested from ambient signals; in this case, the backscatter tag cannot operate properly due to lack of energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Wi-Fi Backscatter Uplink Multiple Access for Battery-Free Internet of Things

2021

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This paper presents a scalable uplink multiple access (SUMA) protocol for bistatic Wi-Fi backscatter systems, composed of a Wi-Fi reader, Wi-Fi helper, and multiple Wi-Fi backscatter tags. SUMA uses a Wi-Fi reader-initiated dynamic framed slotted ALOHA (DFSA)-based multiple access protocol to minimize collisions caused by simultaneous Wi-Fi backscatter uplink traffic from multiple Wi-Fi backscatter tags. In SUMA, the Wi-Fi helper first estimates the number of tags at the start of network operation and derives an appropriate slot-count parameter (i.e., Q), based on which the frame size is specified. Then, the Wi-Fi helper adaptively adjusts the value of Q to maximize network performance while continuously monitoring the number of remaining Wi-Fi backscatter tags to detect information. An experimental simulation was performed to verify the superiority of SUMA. The results demonstrated that SUMA obtained higher performance in terms of the number of collided and empty slots, delay, and throughput compared with the legacy DFSA approach adopted in the EPCglobal Class 1 Gen 2 standard.

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“…With BSC, tags first harvest energy from ambient signals, then convey information by modulating and reflecting ambient sig-nals (instead of generating signals by themselves), while readers are dedicatedly designed to receive the reflected signals from tags. As a recent advance, WiFi-based BSC (WiFi-BSC) [8][9][10][11] has been proposed. With WiFi-BSC, tags may harvest energy and convey information by utilizing ubiquitous WiFi signals, while WiFi nodes with selfinterference cancellation capability (which is called WiFi reader) may receive the reflected signals from tags.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth pointing out that the PLS of BSC is out of scope of this paper. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing [11]. In this scheme, when having a demand for collecting data from tags, the full-duplex WiFi AP ceases all WiFi transmissions and sends a period of ambient signals, and tags contend and transmit data to the AP during this period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Cost and Long‐Range Node‐Assisted WiFi Backscatter Communication for 5G‐Enabled IoT Networks

Wang

Feng

Yao

et al. 2021

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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The fifth-generation-enabled Internet of Things (5G-enabled IoT) has been considered as a key enabler for the automation of almost all industries. In 5G-enabled IoT, resource-limited passive devices are expected to join the IoT using the WiFi backscatter communication (WiFi-BSC) technology. However, WiFi-BSC deployment is currently limited due to high equipment cost and short transmission range. To address these two drawbacks, in this paper, we propose a low-cost and long-range node-assisted WiFi backscatter communication scheme. In our scheme, a WiFi node can receive backscatter signals using two cheap regular half-duplex antennas (instead of using expensive full-duplex technique or collaborating with multiple other nodes), thereby reducing the equipment cost. Besides, WiFi nodes can help relay backscatter signals to remote 5G infrastructure, greatly extending the backscatter’s transmission range. We then develop a theoretical model to analyze the throughput of WiFi-BSC. Extensive simulations verify the effectiveness of our scheme and the accuracy of our model.

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Design and Analysis of a Distributed and Demand-Based Backscatter MAC Protocol for Internet of Things Networks

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Large-Scale Wireless-Powered Networks With Backscatter Communications—A Comprehensive Survey

Large-Scale Wireless-Powered Networks With Backscatter Communications—A Comprehensive Survey

Scalable Wi-Fi Backscatter Uplink Multiple Access for Battery-Free Internet of Things

Low‐Cost and Long‐Range Node‐Assisted WiFi Backscatter Communication for 5G‐Enabled IoT Networks

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