Design and Application of Integrated Optics Sensor for Measurement of Intense Pulsed Electric Field

Zhang, Jiahong; Luo, Chuan; Zhao, Zhengang

doi:10.1109/jlt.2019.2896163

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, for the measurement system, the wavelength of the tunable laser is tuned to ensure that the sensor can work in the linear area of its transmission curve. The more detailed principles of this operation point control technique have been presented in the previous work [31].…”

Section: Sensing Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where n eff is the effective refractive index, ∆L stands for the length difference of the two arms of the optical waveguide MZI, and ∆ϕ 0 stands for the phase shift caused by the change in external environment conditions. Based on the previous work, by controlling wavelength of a tunable laser, it is possible to control the operation point return to the linear area of the transmission cure (ϕ 0 = π/2) of the MZI type sensor [31]. Therefore, 2πV H /V π is small, and ϕ 0 = π/2, assuming A = αP in /2, B = 2Aπb/V π , (6) can be simplified as…”

Section: Sensor Structure and Operation Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the operation point can be effectively to the linear area when the static phase difference varies with the ch external conditions. The detailed descriptions of the control method can be f previous work [31]. Under the condition of the practical fabrication process, length, width, an of the used LN substrate are 50,000 μm, 4100 μm, and 500 μm, respectively.…”

Section: Sensor Design and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A LiNbO3 Integrated Optics Sensor for Measurement of Pulsed Current

Zhang

et al. 2022

Crystals

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A LiNbO3 integrated optics sensor fusing with an optical waveguide Mache–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), a loop-antenna, and a segmented electrode has been proposed, designed, and fabricated for the measurement of pulsed current. The experiment results have demonstrated that, for measurement of the standard 8/20 μs lightning pulsed current, the average of the front time and duration time of the sensor detected pulsed current waveform are 7.00 μs and 19.78 μs, respectively, while those detected by the Person CT are 7.30 μs and 20.35 μs, respectively. From 100 A to 3300 A, the sensor shows good linear characteristics, and the correlation coefficient is 0.9989. Moreover, the minimum detectable pulsed current is about 66 A in the time domain. All these results reveal the sensor can provide a new and potential technology for the measurement of pulsed current in the time domain.

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Section: Sensing Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensor Structure and Operation Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensor Design and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A LiNbO3 Integrated Optics Sensor for Measurement of Pulsed Current

Zhang

et al. 2022

Crystals

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“…The relationship between the height and length of the cosine bending waveguide can be described as Equation (9). The length difference between the two arms of the MZI was designed as ∆L = 32 µm to ensure finding the best working point of the sensor [39]. From Equation ( 9), when ∆L = 32 µm, the height h 1 of the cosine curved waveguide can be calculated as 464 µm.…”

Section: Simulation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of Broadband LiNbO3 Optical Waveguide Electric Field Sensor with Tapered Antenna

Zhang

2021

Sensors

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The three-dimensional (3D) simulation model of a lithium niobate (LiNbO3, LN) optical waveguide (OWG) electric field sensor has been established by using the full-wave electromagnetic simulation software. The influences of the LN substrate and the packaging material on the resonance frequency of the integrated OWG electric field sensor have been simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the thickness of the LN substrate has a great influence on the resonant frequency of the sensor (≈33.4%). A sensor with a substrate thickness of 1 mm has been designed, fabricated, and experimentally investigated. Experimental results indicate that the measured resonance frequency is 7.5 GHz, which nearly coincides with the simulation results. Moreover, the sensor can be used for the measurement of the nanosecond electromagnetic impulse (NEMP) in the time domain from 1.29 kV/m to 100.97 kV/m.

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“…Another method is called electro-optic modulation, which includes active electro-optic modulation and passive electro-optic modulation. This method adopts optical fibers for transmitting optical signals converted by the electro-optic modulation circuit, which eliminates the influence of a coaxial cable [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. For active electro-optic modulation, i.e., the method adopted by this article, the electrically smaller antenna was utilized to induce external EMP; generally, an electric field test uses an electric dipole antenna, and the magnetic field test uses a magnetic small ring antenna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Highly Sensitive and Miniature Optical Fiber Sensor for Electromagnetic Pulse Fields

Zhao

Zhou

Chen

2021

Sensors

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The detection of an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) field is of great significance in determining the field environment of tested equipment in small spaces. Finger-shaped miniature optical fiber sensors for electromagnetic pulse field measurement were designed. The antenna of a weak field sensor was integrated with a shielding shell, and the wire welded at the direct electro-optic converting circuit connected to an optical fiber through special structure and circuit design was taken as the antenna of a strong field sensor. Measurements in the time domain and frequency domain had been carried out for the two sensors. Experiment results demonstrate that the weak field sensor and the strong field sensor have flat responses from 100 kHz to 1 GHz with a variation of 2.3 dB and 2.9 dB, respectively, and the EMP waveform detected by the sensors agrees well with the applied standard square wave. Moreover, the strong field sensor exhibits linear responses from 645 V/m to 83 kV/m. The resolution of the weak field sensor is as low as 13 V/m. The result indicated that the designed sensors had good performance.

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Design and Application of Integrated Optics Sensor for Measurement of Intense Pulsed Electric Field

Cited by 31 publications

References 24 publications

A LiNbO3 Integrated Optics Sensor for Measurement of Pulsed Current

A LiNbO3 Integrated Optics Sensor for Measurement of Pulsed Current

Design and Analysis of Broadband LiNbO3 Optical Waveguide Electric Field Sensor with Tapered Antenna

A Highly Sensitive and Miniature Optical Fiber Sensor for Electromagnetic Pulse Fields

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