Design and characterization of a novel 1-ns multi-frame imager for the Ultra-Fast X-ray Imager (UXI) program at Sandia National Laboratories

Claus, Liam D.; England, Troy; Liu, Feng; Looker, Quinn; Mitchell, Brandon; Montoya, A.; Sanchez, Marcos O.; Rochau, Gregory A.; Hurd, Emily R.; Carpenter, A.; Dayton, Matthew S.; Durrand, Cassandra E.; Vigil, Amando J.; Boone, A W; Porter, J. L.

doi:10.1117/12.2319856

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Reduction of sub-threshold leakage of the shutter switch helps maintain charge on the in-situ pixel storage capacitors during readout, facilitating electrical testing of the readout chain. For more in-depth information on the Daedalus sensor architecture please refer to reference [1].…”

Section: Daedalus Version 2 Architecture Updatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interlacing allows the user to divide the rows of a frame so that every nth row belongs to a different frame by delaying integration of each row of pixels. This results in an increased number of frames but reduces the spatial resolution [1]. Additionally, the user may implement interlacing independently on either side of the DV2 array [1].…”

Section: Interlacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in an increased number of frames but reduces the spatial resolution [1]. Additionally, the user may implement interlacing independently on either side of the DV2 array [1]. Figure 3 shows the gate profile obtained when using the four-row interlacing mode on the benchtop test setup.…”

Section: Interlacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To maintain good image data quality on NIF experiments it is vital that the DV2's special modes/features, timing, and non-ideal effects are well-characterized. This paper details the characterization tests performed by operating the DV2 sensor with the NIF electronics camera package 1 . Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two Daedalus hCMOS sensors aligned so the abutable sides meet. 1 Different camera electronics packages can affect results. For example, many of the plots in this paper measure pixel intensity in counts which refers to the counts reported by the NIF camera electronic package's analog-to-digital converters (ADCs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization suite of a 1 ns, multi-frame hybridized CMOS imager for the ultra-fast x-ray imager program

Garafalo,

Carpenter,

Trosseille

et al. 2023

Hard X-Ray, Gamma-Ray, and Neutron Detector Physics XXV

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The Daedalus sensor is the next version of the nanosecond time-gated, multi-frame hybridized CMOS (hCMOS) x-ray sensor, developed by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). The Daedalus sensor leverages previous hCMOS features such as nanosecond gated frames while expanding features for increased record length, improved full well depth, and one-side abutment capability. The second version of the Daedalus sensor, the DV2, resolves an increased record length feature called interlacing in addition to the sensor's ability to hold the integrated electrical charge from photocurrent for longer periods of time needed for full dynamic range during readout. The DV2 sensor characteristics, including background oscillations, skew, key sensor features for timing and high full well, and mapping of the internal temperature sensor are presented and discussed.

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Section: Daedalus Version 2 Architecture Updatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interlacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interlacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization suite of a 1 ns, multi-frame hybridized CMOS imager for the ultra-fast x-ray imager program

Garafalo,

Carpenter,

Trosseille

et al. 2023

Hard X-Ray, Gamma-Ray, and Neutron Detector Physics XXV

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Hybrid CMOS detectors for high-speed X-ray imaging

Porter

Looker

Claus³

2023

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Hybrid CMOS (hCMOS) x-ray framing cameras are a new and powerful detector option for experiments in the fields of Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) and High Energy Density Physics (HEDP). These digital cameras capture multiple images along a single line-of-sight with a time resolution as short as 1.5 ns and with high quantum efficiency. To manage the high data rate, an image sequence is acquired in a short burst of time and subsequently read out on a much longer time scale. The technology is well suited for operating in high radiation environments, including fusion ignition experiments. Diagnostics using hCMOS cameras are now deployed in experiments on major laser and pulsed-power ICF facilities around the world. Continued advances in microelectronics technologies will enable faster and more capable detectors well into the future. This paper reviews this detector technology with a focus on application to ICF and HEDP experiments.

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Analysis and mitigation of an oscillating background on hybrid complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (hCMOS) imaging sensors at the National Ignition Facility

Hassard,

Dayton,

Trosseille

et al. 2023

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Nanosecond-gated hybrid complementary metal-oxide semiconductor imaging sensors are a powerful tool for temporally gated and spatially resolved measurements in high energy density science, including inertial confinement fusion, and in laser diagnostics. However, a significant oscillating background excited by photocurrent has been observed in image sequences during testing and in experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Characterization measurements and simulation results are used to explain the oscillations as the convolution of the pixel-level sensor response with a sensor-wide RLC circuit ringing. Data correction techniques are discussed for NIF diagnostics, and for diagnostics where these techniques cannot be used, a proof-of-principle image correction algorithm is presented.

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Design and characterization of a novel 1-ns multi-frame imager for the Ultra-Fast X-ray Imager (UXI) program at Sandia National Laboratories

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Characterization suite of a 1 ns, multi-frame hybridized CMOS imager for the ultra-fast x-ray imager program

Characterization suite of a 1 ns, multi-frame hybridized CMOS imager for the ultra-fast x-ray imager program

Hybrid CMOS detectors for high-speed X-ray imaging

Analysis and mitigation of an oscillating background on hybrid complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (hCMOS) imaging sensors at the National Ignition Facility

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