Design and construction of lightweight EPS geofoam embedded geomaterial embankment system for control of settlements

Puppala, Anand J.; Ruttanaporamakul, Pinit; Congress, Surya Sarat Chandra

doi:10.1016/j.geotexmem.2019.01.015

Cited by 64 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Plastic wastes with lower density can be used to develop a lightweight reinforcement material for geotechnical application. The reinforcement of weak soil using lightweight materials will increase the strength of soil and reduce the differential settlement because lightweight materials will not generate stress to the soil [37,38]. Moreover, the reinforcement material developed using these plastic wastes will not easily degrade in the soil because of its hydrophobic properties.…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic Properties of Plastic Wastes: Possibility of Reinforcing Material for Soil

Yasmin

Ismail

Mohamed³

et al. 2021

Jurnal Teknologi

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The current statistic shows that the percentage of plastic has significantly increased in the landfill and leads to environmental issues due to its non-biodegradable characteristic. However, these challenges can be turned into opportunities by reusing and recycling such waste for civil engineering applications. Hence, the focuses of this paper are to analyze the possibility of utilizing plastic waste in the soil reinforcement field using VOSviewer software and to evaluate the chemical, thermal, physical, and mechanical properties of the plastics (plastic straw, plastic bottle, and plastic bag). The data for this study was collected from the articles published in Scopus. Nevertheless, there are very limited articles that relate soil reinforcement with the thermal, chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of plastic waste. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the properties of plastic waste, which were plastic bottles, plastic bags, and plastic straw. The properties of plastic waste have been investigated to ensure it meets the requirement for soil reinforcement technology. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated the presence of carbon and hydrogen chains in those plastics waste. The plastic straw, plastic bag, and plastic bottle were degraded at 382°C, 456°C, and 449°C, respectively. This finding indicated that all of these plastics waste were thermally stable in the tropical temperature. Moreover, the densities of the plastics waste were less than 1 g/cm3, which contributes to the lightweight material and it’s very crucial to eliminating the self-loading from the reinforcement material.

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Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic Properties of Plastic Wastes: Possibility of Reinforcing Material for Soil

Yasmin

Ismail

Mohamed³

et al. 2021

Jurnal Teknologi

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“…Geofoam, made from expanded polystyrene (EPS) and extruded polystyrene (XPS), are highly compressive and tolerable to harsh environment, which has been increasingly used for various geotechnical engineering applications, especially for buried pipeline and culverts, and retaining wall [1][2][3][4][5]. It was invented in 1960s as a lightweight fill material for embankments and was then rapidly extended to many other civil engineering applications, such as slope, roadway, retaining walls, utility trenches [3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Originally, geofoam was made of rigid plastic foam but has been now gradually evolved into two major categories, expanded polystyrene (EPS) and extruded polystyrene (XPS) since 1970s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Pressure Reduction by Including Geofoam: A Numerical Study

Wang

Huang

2021

Int. J. of Geosynth. and Ground Eng.

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EPS geofoam has been increasingly used as a highly compressible geomaterial to reduce overburden stresses over various buried structures. Design guidelines are available to facilitate the applications of geofoams in a few countries. However, these existing design guidelines are primarily based on research and field results of shallowly buried, small-dimension structures, while completed studies on deeply buried, large-dimension culverts are still lacking. This study uses numerical simulation to assess and quantify effectiveness of geofoam that was used to protect deeply buried, large-span concrete culverts. The study was based on a real project, for which a concrete culvert of 5-m net span was buried underneath a filled roadway embankment. Geofoam of densities of 7.5 and 15 kg/m 3 were placed at different sections of the culvert to reduce overburden stresses. In this study, the soil and geofoam were simulated as non-linear plastic material and non-linear elastic material, respectively. The interface between soil and geofoam was simulated by Goodman contact elements that allowed in-plane slip but prevented penetration in normal direction. The construction was simulated by staged backfilling and executed in steps in the numerical model. The results disclosed that the geofoam was very effective to reduce the stress; however, the stress reduction varied significantly from different locations of the culvert. The highest stress reduction appeared at the culvert shoulder, which was approximately 90% and the average stress reduction was approximately 20%. Due to the crown shape of the culvert, a slight stress concentration was seen at the crown top of the culvert. In addition, according to this study the shoulder-to-shoulder coverage of geofoam seemed insufficient as there were significant increases of overburden stresses near the culvert shoulder. The numerical results further suggested that the geofoam shall not induce noticeable differential settlement if the backfill height exceeded the width of the geofoam. The numerical model suggested isoparametric elements be efficient in terms of computation time and Goodman contact elements, although can represent the interaction well, may cause excessive stress concentration.

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“…Owing to the advantages of easy construction, cost effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and excellent seismic performance compared with traditional materials, geosynthetics are widely used in construction engineering [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. With the development of geosynthetics technology, an increasing number of new materials are being used [9][10][11][12], with satisfactory results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear Strength Behavior of Sand Reinforced by Kraft Paper Using the Ring Shear Apparatus

Xie

Guo²,

Chou

et al. 2021

Advances in Civil Engineering

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To explore the reinforcement effects of different reinforcement methods, kraft paper was used as reinforcement material, and shear tests were carried out in sand to study the reinforcement effects of kraft paper perpendicular and parallel to the shear plane. The test results show that the two reinforcement methods can effectively improve the strength of sand and the orthogonal reinforcement form is more superior. The existence of reinforced materials greatly improves the cohesion of sand, but does not significantly improve the internal friction angle. The width of reinforcement material has little effect on the reinforcement effect and shows different variation laws under different reinforcement forms.

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Design and construction of lightweight EPS geofoam embedded geomaterial embankment system for control of settlements

Cited by 64 publications

References 6 publications

Characteristic Properties of Plastic Wastes: Possibility of Reinforcing Material for Soil

Characteristic Properties of Plastic Wastes: Possibility of Reinforcing Material for Soil

Soil Pressure Reduction by Including Geofoam: A Numerical Study

Shear Strength Behavior of Sand Reinforced by Kraft Paper Using the Ring Shear Apparatus

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