“…As a kind of semi-active control device, MR actuators work based on the rheological properties of MR fluids, which have attracted more and more attention due to their excellent controllability, rapid response, low power consumption, and simple structure [7,8]. According to the working mode, there are many MR actuators, such as, MR valves [9,10], MR dampers [11,12], MR brakes [13,14], and MR clutches [15]. These types of controllable devices are widely applied in vehicle systems, machining, rehabilitation equipment [16,17], and other industrial fields.…”