Design and fabrication of blazed gratings for a waveguide-type head mounted display

Mattelin, Marie-Aline; Radosavljević, A.; Missinne, Jeroen; Cuypers, Dieter; Steenberge, Geert Van

doi:10.1364/oe.384806

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…To shift the energy to high-order diffraction, the blazed grating was proposed with the serrated grating structure to exhibit high diffraction efficiency for the 1st diffraction order. [110][111][112] As shown in Figure 5a, the combination of the blazed gratings and the microlens enables the convergence of the incident light at different wavelengths to different positions in the focal plane. High-efficiency multi-band imaging can be achieved by further extending this technique to the combination system of the microlens array and the focal plane detector array.…”

Section: Multi-order Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic Color Routing

et al. 2021

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Similarly, refraction can sort out light in space following the Fresnel equation and created the spectrometer hundreds of years ago. [12,35] The interference of light is the main working mechanism of multilayer thin film filters. [36,37] Optical properties of microstructures (e.g., gratings) and device performance are usually sizedependent and thus bulky methods in the case of photovoltaics or display are not applicable for imaging, where the dimensions of the image sensor pixels are orders of magnitude smaller than solar cells and display units as shown in Figure 1b,d. It is not only interesting in science to study the fundamental physics in dispersive light manipulating in a scale down to a micron or sub-micron, but also extremely important to develop advanced spectral routing techniques with high-efficiency utilization of the full spectrum for applications such as high-resolution color imaging, [10,38] hyperspectral imaging, [41][42][43] on-chip spectroscopy, [13,[44][45][46][47][48] multi-channel data storage, [49][50][51] color computer-generated hologram, [52][53][54] light fidelity, [55] etc.Recently, nanophotonic spectral engineering technologies have being received tremendous attention and made significant progress. [13,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62] Plasmonic structures demonstrated a color encoding resolution as high as 100 000 dpi. [59] All dielectric metasurfaces presented structural colors with a gamut area of 181.5% of sRGB. [60] Colloid quantum dots were used to form a filter array for an on-chip spectrometer. [13] Sub-10 nm plasmonic resonance linewidth was demonstrated for optical sensing. [61] Reconfigurable spectral response was demonstrated by a combination of chemical and physical colors. [62] There are a number of published reviews on the topic of structural color techniques, which focus on the spectral filtering scheme. [63][64][65][66][67] The key issue of all these spectral filtering techniques is the same to pick out a certain wavelength band from a broadband light source, where efficiency and crosstalk are the main performance parameters. The color routing efficiency is associated with the brightness. The higher the efficiency, the brighter the image. For example, in the case of imaging and display, it is determined by the ratio of the received optical power in the target wavelength band over the whole incident power. Thus, in the case of a usual Bayer array with blue (R), green (G), blue (B) filters, [68] the maximum efficiency of the R pixel is considered to be only 25% (without consideration of unwanted crosstalk) because the light incident to other three pixels will not contribute to the R pixel. The spectral crosstalk is associated with the color purity. The lower the spectral crosstalk, the higher the Recent advances in low-dimensional materials and nanofabrication technologies have stimulated many breakthroughs in the field of nanophotonics such as metamaterials and plasmonics that provide efficient ways of light manipulation at a subwavelength scale. The representative structure-...

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Section: Multi-order Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic Color Routing

et al. 2021

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“…Such a system doubles the FoV as each half-image can use the whole angular bandwidth of the waveguide in each direction of propagation. To provide such functionality, we can use a dual-mode system with symmetrical gratings [13,16] which achieves symmetrical response between the orders (T j = T -j , R j = R -j ), or combine two single-mode nonsymmetrical gratings [12,[17][18][19]. In the last systems to get similar functionality, the rays corresponding to positive and negative angles will be diffracted by two differently oriented nonsymmetrical gratings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagrating solutions for full color single-plate waveguide combiner

Shramkova¹,

Drazic²,

Bourcin³

et al. 2022

EPJ Appl. Metamat.

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In this work we propose several full-color metagrating solutions for single waveguide-based Augmented and Virtual Reality near-eye display systems. The presented solutions are based on a combination of reflective and/or transmissive diffraction gratings inside or outside a waveguide. The proposed in-coupler designs have high diffraction efficiency across a wide angular range. Applying our new grating combination solution, we can provide good gathering of diffracted rays for the different colors. We demonstrate that by using a dual-mode symmetrical in-coupling system and angular pupil tiling, we can extend the overall horizontal FoV for three RGB colors. The new characteristics of the full single waveguide system including Eye Pupil Expander and out-coupling components compatible with the proposed in-coupling solutions are discussed. We show that a new nonsymmetrical design of metagratings can be used to change its diffraction properties improving the diffraction efficiency and diffraction uniformity of the optical components.

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“…Because the completely symmetrical incident angle, the grating coupler structures must be asymmetrical to break coupling symmetry. Many research achievements have been made on asymmetric grating coupler structures, mainly including slanted gratings couplers 13–16 . However, blazed gratings showed the inherent shadowing effect, 17 which reduced the actual coupling efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐performance binary blazed grating coupler with a mixed structure of germanium and zinc selenide

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2022

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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A high-performance binary blazed grating coupler with a mixed germanium and zinc selenide structure on a Ge-on-Si platform is proposed for a perfectly vertical coupling. To obtain high coupling efficiency, grating parameters are repeatedly and carefully optimized. For the perfectly vertical coupler with transverse-magnetic polarized incident light, the coupling efficiency is 49.5% at the wavelength of 8 μm with a 1-dB bandwidth of 110 nm. Thus, the coupling efficiency-bandwidth product is beyond 54.5 nm. Furthermore, the manufacturing route of the grating is discussed, which adopts the combination of electron-beam lithography and three-dimensional nanoprinting.

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Design and fabrication of blazed gratings for a waveguide-type head mounted display

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

Nanophotonic Color Routing

Nanophotonic Color Routing

Metagrating solutions for full color single-plate waveguide combiner

High‐performance binary blazed grating coupler with a mixed structure of germanium and zinc selenide

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