Design and fabrication of dual responsive lignin-based nanogel via “grafting from” atom transfer radical polymerization for curcumin loading and release

Abstract

The story of human dreams about curing all diseases, disorders and lesions is as old as human history. In the frontier of medical science, nanomedicine is trying to solve the problem. In this study, inspired by nanotechnology and using “grafting from” approach, a novel lignin-based nanogel was synthesized using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method. N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and N,N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate (DMAEMA) comonomers were graft copolymerized from fully brominated lignin as ATRP macroinitiator to synthesize lignin-g-P(NIPAM-co-DMAEMA) nanogel (LNDNG). By controlling the initial comonomer compositions and ATRP conditions, four LNDNG systems with different lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) of 32, 34, 37 and 42 °C were prepared. The LNDNGs were evaluated by GPC, FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV–Vis, DLS, SEM and TEM analyses. The prepared nanogels exhibited an average diameter of 150 nm with dual temperature and pH responsiveness. Curcumin (CUR) loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of the LNDNGs were 49.69% and 92.62% on average, respectively. The cumulative release amount of loaded CUR was observed to be 65.36% after 72 h. The new lignin-based NGs proposed in the present work seems to be a promising, safe and comparable system in a near future.

Glycidyl and Methyl Methacrylate UV-Grafted PDMS Membrane Modification toward Tramadol Membrane Selectivity

“…The ester resonance detected at 1725 cm −1 proves the successful modification of the three membranes, and is in accordance with the previously published reports of grafted poly(methacrylate) polymers on membranes [31]. The observed absorbance at the region 3000-2769 cm −1 is linked to C-H stretch of the alkaline groups [28,32].…”

A study on the preparation of polycation gel polymer electrolyte for supercapacitors

“…2a shows the successful quaternization of (EO) 6 Cl and DMAEMA. 43,44 The obvious change at 736 cm À1 (C-Cl, stretching vibration) suggests that the C-Cl bond 44 of (EO) 6 Cl is broken in the reaction and the chloride of (EO) 6 (Cl)DMAEMA exists in the form of chloride ion (Cl À ). The peak at 1301 cm À1 ((EO) 6 (Cl)DMAEMA) and 1295 cm À1 (DMAEMA) is affiliated to the stretching vibration of C-N bond.…”

“…2b manifests the successful copolymerization of (EO) 6 (Cl)DMAEMA and PEGMA. [44][45][46] The disappearance of the peak at 1637 cm À1 (C]C, stretching vibration) in the spectrum of PGPE matrix indicates that there is no C]C bond in the matrix, which means the copolymerization reaction is completely. The characteristic peaks for PGPE matrix is found at 1147 cm À1 (C-O-C, stretching vibration), 1271 cm À1 (C-N, stretching vibration), 1723 cm À1 (C]C, stretching vibration), 2883 cm À1 (C-H bond in -CH 3 -, -CH 2and ]C-H, stretching vibration) and 3403 cm À1 (O-H, stretching vibration).…”

Water-stable Perovskite-loaded Nanogels Containing Antioxidant Property for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Roxithromycin in Animal-derived Food Products

“…Nanogels, one type of polymeric material in which the hydrophilic function renders them capable of carrying large amounts of water molecules in their 3D networks [15][16][17] . During the last decades, poly(2hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA)-based nanogels have been widely used for the development of biomedical products due to their excellent biocompatibility 18 and dimension stability 19 .…”