Design and fabrication of high-efficiency photonic crystal power beam splitters

Abstract

Efficient beam splitters in a planar photonic crystal waveguide with corrugated terminators were designed, fabricated, and characterized. Experimental results showed that these beam splitters have high splitting efficiency and power intensity in the propagation direction, an achievement made possible through a design method employing a genetic algorithm-based optimization method. High-efficiency power beam splitters are useful components in integrated optics, and the design implemented here is particularly suited for integration with other optical components.

Fabrication of 3D photonic components on bulk crystalline silicon

“…There are two main types, according to their functions. First, optical power splitters which simply split an incident light beam into two equal outputs [22,23], which is critical in creating modulators, interferometers and multiplexers. Second, on-chip polarization splitters which can give polarization dependent outputs; these are key components of integrated photonic circuits that consist of polarization dependent devices [24][25][26][27].…”

High-efficiency ultra-fast all-optical photonic crystal diode based on the lateral-coupled nonlinear elliptical defect

“…When the periodic structure of the PhC is disrupted, a defect mode is stimulated within the photonic band gap, causing photons at, particular frequencies, to be localized within the defect region, while photons with frequencies deviating from the defect mode will be strongly scattered. Based on the photon localization property of PhCs, various optical devices have been developed, such as switches, [8][9][10][11][12] beam splitters, [13][14][15] diodes [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and logic gates. [29][30][31][32] All-optical diodes (AODs) allow the light beam to propagate along one direction, while the opposite directional transmission is blocked.…”

Off-plane directional coupler in woodpile structure

“…It is possible to realize various active and passive optical devices in PCs which include cavity or waveguide. Over the past few years, various optoelectronic devices based on two dimensional (2D) PCs [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], such as power splitters [10][11][12], wavelength division multiplexers (WDM) [13,14] and channel drop filters [15,16], have been already reported theoretically and experimentally. In these devices, directional couplers [5][6][7][8][9] that the light wave can be coupled completely from one waveguide to another waveguide are very important.…”