Design and implementation of a density-based traffic light control with surveillance system

Abstract

Traffic congestion especially at road intersections is becoming an issue for which road traffic users contend with daily. The conventional traffic light applies a fixed logic of allocating equal "GO" time to lanes of traffic at road intersections irrespective of the density of traffic on each lane. Using the PIC18F4550 microcontroller interfaced with infrared sensors, a new traffic light control system was developed to ease the flow of traffic at a particular troubled spot in Uyo Metropolis (Abak Road, Udo Eduok, Udo Obio streets intersection) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Simulation of the proposed design was performed using the Proteus Software while implementation was carried out on a prototype. Performance evaluation of the prototype implemented showed that the 4 arrays (IR Transmitter and Receiver) of infrared sensors interfaced with the microcontroller using AND gates and strategically positioned to read the density of traffic on each lane at the intersection triggered when a vehicle comes between the transmitter and the receiver. Obtaining inputs from these sensors together with the logic from the microcontroller, a new traffic light control system was developed capable of controlling traffic based on the density of each lane of traffic. Results obtained from simulation and implementation of the design indicates that the traffic control system with the PIC18F4550 microcontroller and the infrared sensors gives a better performance compared to the conventional traffic light control system.

Traffic light control design approaches: a systematic literature review

“…5, October 2022: 5355-5363 5358 while traffic light timing cycles are mostly static, ii) no timing synchronization among traffic lights in adjacent intersections, resulting in unsteady flows, and iii) difficulties in traffic condition monitoring on one intersection and a lack of facility for remote controlling of traffic lights. A system that ues an infrared sensors with an embedded microcontroller chip is proposed by Udoakah and Okure [41]. The design needs to be modified to control more than four lanes of traffic.…”

Density based auto traffic light control system with GSM based remote override for enugu metropolis

“…PIC Microcontroller density based traffic signal systems continue to find wide applications (Devi et al, 2017;Saiba, Afeefa, Aruna, Jose & Radhika, 2017). Recent developers of smart traffic signal systems employ different technologies like Arduino (Udoakah & Okure, 2017), surveillance system (Monika, Anuradha & Prasad, 2019) and wireless communications (Vaishali & Jeyapriya, 2017…”

Density Based Traffic Light Control System Using Arduino

“…All around the world, increased transportation makes traffic congestion as an important issue in many larger cities and it has become a nightmare for commuters in those cities. More number of vehicles on road leads to heavy traffic in the cities and thus the traffic control mechanism is unavoidable for easy transit [1]. Traffic control mechanism is a set of signs placed at the road junctions and pedestrian crossings, and they are now an important part of our daily life, especially on city streets.…”

“…This approach would not only utilize the time effectively and also reduces congestion in all the roads at the intersections. There are many ways to setup traffic light system using microprocessors and microcontrollers [1][2][3][4]. But the recent developments have given a lot of comfortable and economical options for easy implementation of traffic signals.…”