Design and implementation of low-cost gas sensor based on functionalized graphene quantum dot/Polyvinyl alcohol polymeric nanocomposites

Badry, Rania; Ibrahim, Asmaa; Gamal, Fatma; Elhaes, Hanan; Yahia, I.S.; Zahran, H. Y.; Zahran, Mohamed; Abdel-wahab, M. Sh.; Zyoud, Samer H.; Ibrahim, Medhat

doi:10.1007/s11082-022-04510-0

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Moreover, the developed parameter offers significant information about unknown energy bandgaps. The following equation represents Beer’s law [ 48 ]:

where A presents the absorption, and t is the thickness, of the samples. The absorption edge value of the spectrum of PVA/PVP doped with various concentrations of PB-Nd +3 composite films is displayed in Figure 5 a and Table 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, Optical, and Electrical Investigations of Nd2O3-Doped PVA/PVP Polymeric Composites for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications

et al. 2023

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In this present work, a PVA/PVP-blend polymer was doped with various concentrations of neodymium oxide (PB-Nd+3) composite films using the solution casting technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to investigate the composite structure and proved the semi-crystallinity of the pure PVA/PVP polymeric sample. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, a chemical-structure tool, illustrated a significant interaction of PB-Nd+3 elements in the polymeric blends. The transmittance data reached 88% for the host PVA/PVP blend matrix, while the absorption increased with the high dopant quantities of PB-Nd+3. The absorption spectrum fitting (ASF) and Tauc’s models optically estimated the direct and indirect energy bandgaps, where the addition of PB-Nd+3 concentrations resulted in a drop in the energy bandgap values. A remarkably higher quantity of Urbach energy for the investigated composite films was observed with the increase in the PB-Nd+3 contents. Moreover, seven theoretical equations were utilized, in this current research, to indicate the correlation between the refractive index and the energy bandgap. The indirect bandgaps for the proposed composites were evaluated to be in the range of 5.6 eV to 4.82 eV; in addition, the direct energy gaps decreased from 6.09 eV to 5.83 eV as the dopant ratios increased. The nonlinear optical parameters were influenced by adding PB-Nd+3, which tended to increase the values. The PB-Nd+3 composite films enhanced the optical limiting effects and offered a cut-off laser in the visible region. The real and imaginary parts of the dielectric permittivity of the blend polymer embedded in PB-Nd+3 increased in the low-frequency region. The AC conductivity and nonlinear I-V characteristics were augmented with the doping level of PB-Nd+3 contents in the blended PVA/PVP polymer. The outstanding findings regarding the structural, electrical, optical, and dielectric performance of the proposed materials show that the new PB-Nd+3-doped PVA/PVP composite polymeric films are applicable in optoelectronics, cut-off lasers, and electrical devices.

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“…Moreover, the developed parameter offers significant information about unknown energy bandgaps. The following equation represents Beer’s law [ 48 ]:

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, Optical, and Electrical Investigations of Nd2O3-Doped PVA/PVP Polymeric Composites for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications

et al. 2023

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“…For decades, various fillers have been incorporated into PVA films and their structure-property relationship has been investigated. GQDs have also been used as fillers in PVA matrices and the enhancement of their luminescence properties has been explored [ 2 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the SPM data have been significantly related to photoluminescence (PL) emission results, which is of extreme relevance. Although the photoluminescence of GQD fillers within PVA matrices has already garnered significant interest [ 2 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ], a thorough investigation of the nanostructural modifications occurring at the surface of PVA/GQD nanocomposites is still lacking. Understanding and manipulating the nanostructure of these films is crucial for tailoring their properties, constituting a fundamental step toward harnessing the full potential of these materials for practical use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructural Characterization of Luminescent Polyvinyl Alcohol/Graphene Quantum Dots Nanocomposite Films

Elumalai,

Rodríguez,

Kovtun

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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This study focuses on the fabrication of polymer nanocomposite films using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/graphene quantum dots (GQDs). We investigate the relationship between the structural, thermal, and nanoscale morphological properties of these films and their photoluminescent response. Although according to X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential thermal analysis (DTA), the incorporation of GQDs does not significantly affect the percentage crystallinity of the PVA matrix, for a range of added GQD concentrations, atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed the formation of islands with apparent crystalline morphology on the surface of the PVA/GQD films. This observation suggests that GQDs presumably act as nucleating agents for island growth. The incorporation of GQDs also led to the formation of characteristic surface pores with increased stiffness and frictional contrast, as indicated by ultrasonic force microscopy (UFM) and frictional force microscopy (FFM) data. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the films were found to depend both on the amount of GQDs incorporated and on the film morphology. For GQD loads >1.2%wt, a GQD-related band was observed at ~1650 cm−1 in FT-IR, along with an increase in the PL band at lower energy. For a load of ~2%wt GQDs, the surface morphology was characterized by extended cluster aggregates with lower stiffness and friction than the surrounding matrix, and the PL signal decreased.

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Evaluating the reactivity of polyvinyl alcohol/graphene nanocomposites

Alhuthali,

Kalil,

Ibrahim

2024

Optical Materials

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Design and implementation of low-cost gas sensor based on functionalized graphene quantum dot/Polyvinyl alcohol polymeric nanocomposites

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Structural, Optical, and Electrical Investigations of Nd2O3-Doped PVA/PVP Polymeric Composites for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications

Structural, Optical, and Electrical Investigations of Nd2O3-Doped PVA/PVP Polymeric Composites for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications

Nanostructural Characterization of Luminescent Polyvinyl Alcohol/Graphene Quantum Dots Nanocomposite Films

Evaluating the reactivity of polyvinyl alcohol/graphene nanocomposites

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