Design and manufacturing of a patient-specific nasal implant for congenital arhinia: Case report

Reconstruction of Congenital Arhinia With Stereolithographic Modeling: Case Correlate and Literature Review

“…Some groups, including Cole et al and Brusati et al, believe that surgical creation of a nasal passageway through the maxilla should be undertaken immediately to relieve dependence on oral airway or oropharyngeal tubes (Cole et al, 1989;Brusati et al, 2009). However, other groups including Borghi et al and Meyer et al prefer to use tracheostomy and to delay surgical reconstruction to allow for facial growth and development (Meyer, 1997;Borghi et al, 2019). Our patient presented to us with a preexisting tracheostomy put into place at birth.…”

“…Table 1 reports additional physical features of the 43 cases surveyed in our literature review (Palmer and Thomson, 1967;Berger and Martin, 1969;Gifford et al, 1972;Lu ¨tolf, 1976;Ruprecht and Majewski, 1978;Das Gupta et al, 1979;Kaminker et al, 1985;Shubich and Sanchez, 1985;Cohen and KJ, 1986;Cole et al, 1989;Navarro-Vila et al, 1991;Mu ¨hlbauer et al, 1993;Weinberg et al, 1993;LaTrenta et al, 1995;Albernaz et al, 1996;Thiele et al, 1996;Meyer, 1997;Olsen et al, 2001;McGlone, 2003;Feledy et al, 2004;Hour, 2004;Mathur et al, 2005;Shino et al, 2005;Akkuzu et al, 2007;Sato et al, 2007;Goyal et al, 2008;Brusati et al, 2009;Cesaretti et al, 2011;Fakhraee et al, 2011;Takcı et al, 2012;Tryggestad et al, 2013;Ali, 2014;Courtney et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015;Fernandes et al, 2016;Mondal and Prasad, 2016;Ng et al, 2017;Borghi et al, 2019;Jung et al, 2019;…”

“…Many sources advise waiting until the preschool years to undertake reconstruction in order to allow further facial growth and development (Albernaz et al, 1996;Meyer, 1997;McGlone, 2003;Fuller et al, 2020). However, other sources including Borghi et al advise delaying nasal reconstruction until early adulthood in order to achieve maximum facial growth (Borghi et al, 2019). Additionally, one source reported total external and internal nasal reconstruction performed at 20 weeks of age with a satisfactory result (Mu ¨hlbauer et al, 1993).…”

Prenatal Diagnosis of Arhinia

“…1 3 The largest series reported 80 cases of arhinia worldwide, 7 and review of the literature revealed four additional case reports published subsequently. 3 4 5 6 The majority of reported cases were diagnosed after delivery and occurred in the context of otherwise uncomplicated pregnancies. 8 Most cases are sporadic, but there are reports of families that have two affected individuals.…”

“…Arhinia is an extremely rare congenital malformation characterized by total absence of the soft tissues of the nose, 1 2 with 84 reported cases in the literature. 3 4 5 6 7 Perhaps due to its rarity, this diagnosis is seldom made in the prenatal setting. The first reported case of a prenatal diagnosis of arhinia occurred in 2000.…”