Design and multi‐disciplinary computational investigations on PVEH patches attached horizontal axis hybrid wind turbine system for additional energy extraction in HALE UAVs

Abstract

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and their allies have dramatically increased aerospace's energy needs. To meet this need, hybrid power systems and extensive power utilization evaluations must be developed. This research focuses on energy and exergy-based studies of hybrid wind power systems for fixed-wing UAVs, which depend on wind turbines and piezoelectric patches. The proposed hybrid wind turbine is planned to be located at the fixed-wing UAVs' rear position. The wind turbine was initially conceived and built using analytical methods and CAD tools based on power input. The wind turbine's CFD has produced the desired aerodynamic pressures and temperatures, torque, and power. Wind turbine exergy efficiencies have been determined using standard and specialized methods. Wind turbine blades are also patched with PVEH patches to generate hybrid electricity from renewable sources. CFRP-UD-Prepreg, CFRP-Woven-Prepreg, GFRP-FR-4-Fabric, GFRP-S-UD, GFRP-E-Fabric, and KFRP-49-UD are the lightweight materials used in this work. PVEH patches, along with wind turbines, have been studied for energy and exergy. Modern engineering methods have shown that the proposed hybrid system is better suited to meet high power requirements. Based on this system, the wind turbine system is 0.39226 and the PVEH patches are 0.28131. Finally, aeroacoustic, vibrational, and structural studies are computationally analyzed.

Design, Multi-Perspective Computational Investigations, and Experimental Correlational Studies on Conventional and Advanced Design Profile Modified Hybrid Wells Turbines Patched with Piezoelectric Vibrational Energy Harvester Devices for Coastal Regions

“…A modal analysis is then performed after the CFD simulation to ascertain the frequency of the relevant material. Figures 12 and 13 [42][43][44][45][46][47] vividly illustrate the well-established research of aerodynamic and modal analyses. A computational simulation is used to determine the required values for the calculation.…”

“…Since the overall acceleration, velocity, and location of the structure at each site are constantly unknown, the dynamic response of a structure must be calculated by first solving the fundamental equation of motion. Control of this system is defined by Equation ( 7) [42][43][44][45][46][47].…”

“…In order to improve the reliability of the required procedure, a second research is required after the first one has confirmed the accuracy of the results of the energy extraction. This part is devoted to a validation study [42][43][44][45][46][47] because of the significance of the method that was implemented in this part of work. A separate and easier-to-understand validation design, which can be shown in Figure 14, has been developed.…”

“…traction. This part is devoted to a validation study [42][43][44][45][46][47] because of the significance of the method that was implemented in this part of work. A separate and easier-to-understand validation design, which can be shown in Figure 14, has been developed.…”

An approach of hybrid power and propulsion system design and performance comparison on a long-range compound-wing unmanned aerial vehicle

“…The onboard power system is demanded to provide long-flight endurance in both vertical flight and level flight. However, what must be pointed out is that most all-electric VTOLs (eVTOLs) lack flight endurance, limited to the energy density of lithium battery packs [1][2][3][4] . Some existing compound-wing VTOLs are installed with both ICE and battery powered unit, but these ICE and batterypowered units are operated independently during the whole flight profile: the former is used in level flight, and the latter powers in vertical take-off and landing (including hovering) [5][6] .…”