Design and Optimization of Fractional Order PID Controller to Enhance Energy Storage System Contribution for Damping Low-Frequency Oscillation in Power Systems Integrated with High Penetration of Renewable Sources

Abstract

This paper proposes adding a controller to the energy storage system (ESS) to enhance their contribution for damping low-frequency oscillation (LFO) in power systems integrated with high penetration of different types of renewable energy sources (RES). For instance, wind turbines and photovoltaic (PV) solar systems. This work proposes superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) as an ESS. The proportional–integral–derivative (PID) and fractional-order PID (FOPID) are suggested as supporter controllers with SMES. The PID and FOPID controller’s optimal values will be obtained using particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used as the optimization method. Both local area and inter-area oscillation is considered in this work as a LFO. To investigate the impact of adding the SMES with the proposed controller, a multimachine power system with different integration scenarios and cases is carried out with a PV system and wind turbine. The system responses are presented and discussed to show the superiority of the proposed controller both in the time domain and by eigenvalues analysis.

Solar and Wind Energy Integrated System Frequency Control: A Critical Review on Recent Developments

“…This method is evaluated in [146] for frequency stability improvement. In [147], the authors designed a fractional order PID-based SMES approach with an optimization approach to reduce low-frequency oscillation. In some applications, storage devices are represented as generalized ESS.…”

Design and optimization of new energy storage systems for energy transformation

“…For the efficient utilization of clean, green, and renewable solar energy resources, distributed photovoltaic power generation technology is mainly used to further improve the penetration rate of distributed power sources in the distribution network. 3 At present, the reason why distributed power integrated energy systems have become the focus of building a low-carbon society strategy is mainly due to their high social benefits and energy efficiency. However, due to external interference from various factors, especially the randomness and fluctuation of high-density photovoltaics, the quality of voltage waveform can be affected, leading to interference in the protective effect of voltage control devices, making it difficult to adjust and control, thereby affecting the high-quality electricity services of users, and increasing network losses, seriously endangering the safe and stable development of the comprehensive energy distribution network.…”

Improved Load Frequency Control in Power Systems Hosting Wind Turbines by an Augmented Fractional Order PID Controller Optimized by the Powerful Owl Search Algorithm

“…In power systems, a balance is maintained between generation and consumption [8]. Should any disturbance arise, impeding the smooth functioning of this intricate network, the primary control loop immediately intervenes to restrict any deviations in frequency [9]. Yet it is the secondary control loop, known as the LFC system, which assumes responsibility for restoring frequency to their nominal levels [10].…”