“…In the last 2 decades, the time-of-flight spectrometers conquered new scientific and technologic space, due to the development of solid phase mass spectrometry, especially PDMS , (plasma desorption mass spectrometry) and MALDI , (matrix assisted laser desorption ionization). Modern instruments, using electrostatic mirrors, particle ion guides, and delayed extraction electric fields, achieve mass resolving power up to m /Δ m ∼ 20000 and a mass range from hydrogen up to molecules as massive as 10 6 u. Combined with a position sensitive ion detector (XY-TOF), this technique can also be employed for electric field mapping and for MS of large gas cells …”