Design and Reliability Evaluation of Gamma-Minus Interconnection Network

Abstract

Gamma Interconnection Network (GIN) is characterized as Redundant Multistage Interconnection Network (MIN) which is considered as a potential candidate for use in broadband communications. Several advancements have been made to improve Reliability indices such as Terminal Reliability (TR), Broadcast Reliability (BR) and Network Reliability (NR) of these networks. But inspite of these advancements, there are certain issues which are yet to be explored such as Complexity, Cost, Number of disjoint paths on presumption that source/destination are failure free. Most of the work done in the literature addresses TR only and less work has been done on analysis of BR and NR. In literature networks, [Formula: see text] size has been explored and no attention has been paid to bigger network sizes although reliability of bigger size network is important for parallel processing systems. In this paper, existing class of Gamma Networks has been studied extensively and modifications have been proposed in existing Gamma Network which minimizes or resolves most of the limitations mentioned above. The proposed Gamma-Minus Network has more redundant paths than other networks. Proposed Network has been compared with some recently introduced members of this class. The results show that newly proposed Gamma-Minus Network has better reliability with lowest cost and path length and provides disjoint minimal-path set for [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] network size. The routing used in this paper eliminates the backtracking overhead which minimizes transmission delay.

Design and Reliability Evaluation of Switching Element for Improving the QoS of Multistage Interconnection Network

“…In regular MINs number of SEs at each stage are equal, whereas in irregular MINs there are unequal number of MINs at every stage. For both MIN categories the basic building block of MIN is SE (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). these SEs may vary in their sizes according to the number of input and output ports available.…”

“…For example, a SE with 2 input ports and 3 output ports will be known as 2×3 SE. The smallest SE known in literature is 2×2 (with 2 input ports and 2 output ports) which has been greatly utilized in Delta networks known as the simplest form of MIN (9)(10)(11)(12). input and output port cross-connected with each other with the direct connection.…”

“…input and output port cross-connected with each other with the direct connection. Hence, the complexity and cost of SE depends upon the number of cross-points used in its structure (12)(13)(14)(15). For example, in 2×2 SE, 4 cross-connections have been used between each input and output ports therefore, its complexity and cost would be measured as 4 units.…”

“…These networks can also be constructed by using larger sized SEs with either reduction in the number of stages, hence reducing latency offered by the network, or providing more number of alternative paths to enhance fault tolerance of a network (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). This leads to increase in cross-point complexity, cost, response time, area-on-chip occupied by the network etc.…”