Design and Synthesis of Fluorescent Nanocelluloses for Sensing and Bioimaging Applications

Abstract

Recent materials research based on fluorescent nanocelluloses (NCs) used in the field of sensing and bioimaging is reviewed. Many designed morphologies have been reported, such as nanoparticles, fibers, nanopapers, hydrogels and aerogels, that have been produced by physical or chemical methods. In the field of sensing and bioimaging, these studies have involved, but not been limited to, special optical properties including fluorescence, long‐lived luminescence, polarized light, and/or aggregation‐induced emission. The fluorescence sensing platforms can be categorized according to stimuli such as pH and temperature, as well as the presence of toxic compounds, and anions and metal cations. In addition, NCs exhibit unique low toxicity, good biocompatibility, biodegradability and cell membrane penetration, and can be modified into fluorescent nanoprobes for in vivo imaging and tracing. As an excellent platform for fluorescent sensing and bioimaging, NCs are bound to be increasingly studied and widely applied in the field of production and life sciences.

Flexible and Stretchable Carbon-Based Sensors and Actuators for Soft Robots

“…Furthermore, functionalizing carbon dots to make selective response to specific ions, e.g., Cr(VI), Fe(III) and Cu(II), has been evaluated to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity respectively by more than 12 and 7 times [ 170 ]. Based on their imaging and sensing performance, carbon dots can be built into flexible fluorescence sensing platforms, fluorescent nanoprobes, and can also be extended to cancer cell imaging, cancer marker detection, and early warning of tumor [ 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 ]. Moreover, it has been proved that the aggregation of carbon dots in solution will mostly cause the quench of fluorescence.…”

Nanocellulose-based sensing platforms for heavy metal ions detection: A comprehensive review

“…The names of the different types of nanocellulose might vary sometimes: BC which is also known as microbial nanocellulose, nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) might also be referred as microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) or cellulose nanofiber are the names which are attributed to CNF and cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) or nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) might be used as alternatives to CNC (Omran et al, 2021; Table 1 Standard limits of HMIs in drinking water, their main sources and major detrimental effects. Brain damage, kidney failure (Kinuthia et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020aZhang et al, , 2020bZhang et al, , 2020c M.M. Langari et al Raghav et al, 2021).…”

Ratiometric Upconversion Temperature Sensor Based on Cellulose Fibers Modified with Yttrium Fluoride Nanoparticles

“…Sensors based on cellulose, which is a well-known natural biopolymer, are of particular interest [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. The main advantages of cellulose are its availability, biodegradability, and low price [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Another merit of cellulose is that it is relatively easy to process and has a high modification potential, allowing cellulose and its derivatives (film, fibers, or papers) to be endowed with new features (e.g., antibacterial, catalytic conductive, luminescent, plasmonic) [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”