Design, data and process issues for mega-scale rapid manufacturing machines used for construction

Abstract

Construction has traditionally relied on specifications and 2D drawings to convey material properties, performance details and location information. The use of advanced 3D solid modelling and digital fabrication methods are enabling the construction of Iconic buildings with an emphasis on the visual design of form. The integration of function with structure, however, has not yet been realised. A family of CNC based processes called Rapid Manufacturing technologies are able to create physical objects directly from 3D solid modelling data by computer controlled additive processes. Components can be produced with any geometric form and can add further value through integrating function. This paper explores the design and data issues for the control of such mega-scale machines.

Structural built-up of cement-based materials used for 3D-printing extrusion techniques

“…The initial material yield stress was 4 kPa and was sufficient to provide adequate strength to overcome the gravitational effect; consequently, the fresh sample could sustain its own weight. The material yield stress was higher than those found in studies carried out at Loughborough University [5][6][7][8][9] (which were of the order of 1 kPa) but appeared to be in the range of material yield stress used for contour crafting [10,11] developed in University of Southern California.…”

“…This technique is commonly called 'additive manufacturing' and consists of joining materials to produce objects, layer upon layer, from 3D model data. Examples of such techniques belonging to this family of digital-aided construction are the ''Concrete printing'' process developed at Loughborough University [5][6][7][8][9] and the ''Contour Crafting'' method [10,11] developed at the University of Southern California.…”

CNC Twisted Tube Method for 3D Coordinate Control Technology for Freeform Structure -Focused on The ARC in DaeGu-

“…최근 10년간 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 비정형 건 축물의 구현을 위한 연구가 진행되었다. 비정형 건축의 형 태적인 측면에서의 특성과 BIM적용 가능성 제안하고 [3] 기 존의 비정형 건축물의 사례를 조사하여 건축가의 설계프로 세스, 엔지니어링, 제작 문제를 고찰하고 [4], 쾌속조형 (rapid manufacturing)이 건축 부재의 설계와 제작에 미 치는 과정을 분석하고 [5] 키워드 : 디지털 제작, 비정형건축물, 3차원, 좌표, 컴퓨터 수치제어장치…”

Free-form architectural envelopes: Digital processes opportunities of industrial production at a reasonable price

“…The cost-per-part of components manufactured using Rapid Manufacturing are constant, opposed to the high initial set-up costs for tooling used in conventional processes (Hopkinson & Dickens, 2003). The main component for Freeform Construction is in scaling-up these Additive Manufacturing processes, from manufacturing 'desktop' sized items to something the size of a wall (Buswell et al, 2008).…”