Design, Fabrication and Characterization of a Biologically Inspired MEMS Directional Microphone

Nagaraja, Veda Sandeep; Rudresha, K.J; Pinjare, S. L.

doi:10.1109/icsens.2018.8630304

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Indeed, a directional microphone is more sensitive to picking up sounds in certain directions rather than others. At the same time, specific types of directional microphones increase the reception range along a specific direction, as they can detect sounds emitted at a higher distance than regular omnidirectional ones [139], [140]. Indeed, these interesting features make them an attractive choice both for attacks and defense.…”

Section: Attacks and Defenses Via Directional Microphonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Range Audio Channels Security: Survey of Mechanisms, Applications, and Research Challenges

Caprolu

Sciancalepore

Pietro

2021

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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Short-range audio channels have appealing distinguishing characteristics: ease of use, low deployment costs, and easy to tune frequencies, to cite a few. Moreover, thanks to their seamless adaptability to the security context, many techniques and tools based on audio signals have been recently proposed. However, while the most promising solutions are turning into valuable commercial products, acoustic channels are also increasingly used to launch attacks against systems and devices, leading to security concerns that could thwart their adoption. To provide a rigorous, scientific, security-oriented review of the field, in this paper we survey and classify methods, applications, and use-cases rooted on short-range audio channels for the provisioning of security services-including Two-Factor Authentication techniques, pairing solutions, device authorization strategies, defense methodologies, and attack schemes. Moreover, we also point out the strengths and weaknesses deriving from the use of short-range audio channels. Finally, we provide open research issues in the context of short-range audio channels security, calling for contributions from both academia and industry.

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Section: Attacks and Defenses Via Directional Microphonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Range Audio Channels Security: Survey of Mechanisms, Applications, and Research Challenges

Caprolu

Sciancalepore

Pietro

2021

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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“…The movable fingers are surrounded by fixed fingers which constitute the differential capacitance pair C1 and C2 with fixed fingers on either side [19]. The structure consists of two positive electrodes and one ground electrode [20]. The number of movable fingers (Nf) and fixed fingers are 66 and 68, respectively.…”

Section: Fig 2: Structure Design Of Proposed Mems Comb Accelerometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Modelling, and Simulation analysis of a Single Axis MEMS-based Capacitive Accelerometer

Veena¹,

Rai²,

Suresh³

et al. 2021

IJETT

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This paper presents the design, simulation, and analytical modeling of the single proposed axis MEMSbased capacitive accelerometer. Analytical modeling has been done for frequency and displacement sensitivity. The performance of the accelerometer was tested for both static and dynamic conditions, and the corresponding static capacitance value was calculated and was found to be C0=0.730455pF, a response time of 95.17μs, and settling time of 7.261ms and the displacement sensitivity Sd= 3.5362* m/g. It was observed that the sensitivity of the accelerometer depends on its design parameters like beam length, overlap area of comb, sensing mass, and the number of interdigital fingers. A novel capacitive accelerometer has been designed for an operating frequency of 2.1kHz The accelerometer was designed using COMSOL Multiphysics and analyzed using the MATLAB simulator tool. The single proposed axis MEMS-based capacitive accelerometer is suitable for automobile applications such as airbag deployment and navigation.

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“…As the coupling BCAVSA has a narrower mainlobe and lower sidelobes compared to the coupling bi-cone pressure sensor array, the denominator in Equation (31) associated with coupling BCAVSA is smaller than that of the bi-cone pressure sensor array. Thus, according to Equation (31), the AG of the coupling BCAVSA is higher than the coupling bi-cone pressure sensor array. Figure 12 that the coupling magnified BCAVSA's beampattern has lower sidelobes and a narrower mainlobe than those of the coupling magnified bi-cone pressure sensor array.…”

Section: Coupling Magnified Bcavsa and A Bi-cone Pressure Sensor Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in [27,28] explained that the reason about the Ormia ochracea creating this advantage was that the Ormia ochracea's left and right acoustical-sensory organs were not physically separated, but connected by a mechanical coupling, which increased the two-ear time delay and amplitude difference. Recently, the mechanical system of the Ormia ochracea's two ears has drawn sufficient attention and has been widely applied in the manufacture of microphones [29][30][31], the design of two-element antenna arrays [32,33], the DOA estimation based on a microphone array or an antenna array [34,35], etc. To our knowledge, this mechanical system of the Ormia ochracea's two ears has not been studied for applications of AVSAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Invariant Beamforming for a Small-Sized Bi-Cone Acoustic Vector–Sensor Array

Fang

Gui

Yang

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In this work, we design a small-sized bi-cone acoustic vector-sensor array (BCAVSA) and propose a frequency invariant beamforming method for the BCAVSA, inspired by the Ormia ochracea’s coupling ears and harmonic nesting. First, we design a BCAVSA using several sets of cylindrical acoustic vector-sensor arrays (AVSAs), which are used as a guide to construct the constant beamwidth beamformer. Due to the mechanical coupling system of the Ormia ochracea’s two ears, the phase and amplitude differences of acoustic signals at the bilateral tympanal membranes are magnified. To obtain a virtual BCAVSA with larger interelement distances, we then extend the coupling magnified system into the BCAVSA by deriving the expression of the coupling magnified matrix for the BCAVSA and providing the selecting method of coupled parameters for fitting the underwater signal frequency. Finally, the frequency invariant beamforming method is developed to acquire the constant beamwidth pattern in the three-dimensional plane by deriving several sets of the frequency weighted coefficients for the different cylindrical AVSAs. Simulation results show that this method achieves a narrower mainlobe width compared to the original BCAVSA. This method has lower sidelobes and a narrower mainlobe width compared to the coupling magnified bi-cone pressure sensor array.

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Design, Fabrication and Characterization of a Biologically Inspired MEMS Directional Microphone

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Short-Range Audio Channels Security: Survey of Mechanisms, Applications, and Research Challenges

Short-Range Audio Channels Security: Survey of Mechanisms, Applications, and Research Challenges

Design, Modelling, and Simulation analysis of a Single Axis MEMS-based Capacitive Accelerometer

Frequency Invariant Beamforming for a Small-Sized Bi-Cone Acoustic Vector–Sensor Array

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