Design, Fabrication and Failure Analysis of Stretchable Electrical Routings

Hocheng, H.; Chen, Chao-Ming

doi:10.3390/s140711855

Cited by 56 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…Song et al reviewed mechanics of stretchable electronics in wavy designs and island-bridge designs, 45 as well as the thermal management of stretchable inorganic electronics. 46 Wang et al 47 and also Hong and Chen 48 presented the typical design concepts and mechanics theories of stretchable electronic systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buckling analysis in stretchable electronics

et al. 2017

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In the last decade, stretchable electronics evolved as a class of novel systems that have electronic performances equal to established semiconductor technologies, but can be stretched, compressed, and twisted like a rubber band. The compliance and stretchability of these electronics allow them to conform and mount to soft, elastic biological organs and tissues, thereby providing attractive opportunities in health care and bio-sensing. Majority of stretchable electronic systems use an elastomeric substrate to carry an ultrathin circuit mesh that consists of sparsely distributed stiff, thin-film electronic components interconnected by various forms of stretchable metal strips or low-dimension materials. During the fabrication processes and application of stretchable electronics, the thin-film components or nanomaterials undergo different kinds of in-plane deformation that often leads to out-ofplane or lateral buckling, in-surface buckling, or a combination of all. A lot of creative concepts and ideas have been developed to control and harness buckling behaviors, commonly regarded as pervasive occurrences in structural designs, to facilitate fabrication of stretchable structures, or to enhance stretchability. This paper provides a brief review of recent progresses on buckling analysis in stretchable electronics. Detailed buckling mechanics reveals important correlations between the geometric/material properties and system performance (e.g., mechanical robustness, deformability, structural architecture, and control). These mechanics models and analysis provide insights to design and optimize stretchable electronics for a wide range of important applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buckling analysis in stretchable electronics

et al. 2017

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“…It was found that the failure strain of a gold wire with 500 nm thickness and 100 μm width is about 5% and the strain-stress curve becomes flat after 2%. 15 To overcome this challenge, we implemented the buckling technique which consists of pre-straining the elastomer, and then depositing the metal on top of it. A wrinkly metal wire has good stretchability by extending its wavy structure in a non-coplanar plane.…”

Section: Compliant and Biocompatible Plant Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compliant plant wearables for localized microclimate and plant growth monitoring

et al. 2018

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The microclimate surrounding a plant has major effect on its health and photosynthesis process, where certain plants struggle in suboptimal environmental conditions and unbalanced levels of humidity and temperature. The ability to remotely track and correlate the effect of local environmental conditions on the healthy growth of plants can have great impact for increasing survival rate of plants and augmenting agriculture output. This necessitates the widespread distribution of lightweight sensory devices on the surface of each plant. Using flexible and biocompatible materials coupled with a smart compact design for a low power and lightweight system, we develop widely deployed, autonomous, and compliant wearables for plants. The demonstrated wearables integrate temperature, humidity and strain sensors, and can be intimately deployed on the soft surface of any plant to remotely and continuously evaluate optimal growth settings. This is enabled through simultaneous detection of environmental conditions while quantitatively tracking the growth rate (viz. elongation). Finally, we establish a nature-inspired origami-assembled 3D-printed "PlantCopter", used as a launching platform for our plant wearable to enable widespread microclimate monitoring in large fields.

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“…Nevertheless, weak adhesion and large modulus mismatch between the polymer substrate and the conductor film render these approaches to improve strain tolerance insufficient for producing highly stretchable devices. Further details about the challenges of these approaches are available in previous reports [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] .…”

Section: Stretchable Hybrid Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combining materials to produce hybrids of polymers, such as silicone rubbers, with electrically conductive nanoparticles, metal nanowires (NWs), graphene sheets and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been a successful approach [41,[48][49][50][51][52] .…”

Section: Stretchable Hybrid Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%