Design, Fabrication and Testing of a 3D Printed FBG Pressure Sensor

Hong, Chengyu; Zhang, Yifan; Borana, Lalit

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2905349

Cited by 61 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Hence, the means of 3D printed sensor or inserting a sensor into a printed shape can be mostly conducted seamlessly [16]. Due to the strong chemical stability and small size, FBG sensor can be successfully embedded into 3D printing structures for a better protection [2,17,18]. 3D printing technique also enables a much more complex shape of sensing element for the encapsulation of FBG sensors [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An FBG-based smart wearable ring fabricated using FDM for monitoring body joint motion

Hong

Abro

Zhang

et al. 2019

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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This study proposed a new fiber Bragg grating-based smart ring for monitoring body joint postures occurred at elbow joint and knee joint positions. A single-mode fiber Bragg grating sensor was embedded into a 3D printed ring for sensing occurred deformation of the ring. The raw material used for fabricating the smart ring was polylactic acid, which was found to have the advantages of being flexible in nature and having ease of fabrication using fused deposition modeling method. The fabrication process of the fiber Bragg grating smart ring was characterized by the advantages of ease of handling, quick prototyping, high resolution, low cost, and time-saving. Bare fiber Bragg grating sensors were successfully embedded into hot printed polylactic acid material during the fused deposition modeling process, even the printing temperature of the printing nozzle exceeded 200℃. Two new smart wearable rings were fabricated and used to monitor systematic bend motion of elbow joint and knee joint. The measurement sensitivities of the two smart rings mounted at the elbow joint and knee joint were 0.0056 nm/° and 0.0276 nm/°, respectively. The corresponding maximum measurement angle within current calibration tests were 90° and 100°, respectively. The method of using both fiber Bragg grating and fused deposition modeling for sensor design can be extended for the fabrication of other sensors such as temperature sensors, strain sensors, pressure sensors, stress sensors, displacement sensors, and tilt sensors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An FBG-based smart wearable ring fabricated using FDM for monitoring body joint motion

Hong

Abro

Zhang

et al. 2019

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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“…The combination of 3D printing method and other sensing technologies can be used to create various sensors [11]- [15]. Due to the advantages of small size and high flexibility, bare FBG sensors can be well integrated into 3D printed prototypes to form various new sensors such as tilt sensors [16], flexion sensors [17], pressure sensors [18], goniometers [19], and displacement sensors [1]. Past investigations proved that FBG sensors can be successfully embedded inside 3D printed prototypes [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a FBG Based Hoop-Strain Sensor Using 3D Printing Method

Hong

Zhang

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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In this study, a hoop-strain sensor was developed by embedding a bare fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor inside 3D printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) filament. Fabrication process of the hoop-strain sensor indicates that the initial temperature of the melted PLA is around 50 • C which is obviously lower than the printing temperature of the printer nozzle (around 200 • C). A typical residual wavelength was found after the fabrication process of the hoop-strain sensor. The shrinkage deformation of the present sensor was around 208 µε after fabrication. The hoop-strain sensor was flexible and can be used to measure both circumferential strain change and contact pressure between hoop-strain sensors and cylinders. Calibration tests for elongation measurement indicate that the sensitivity and minimum resolution with respect to strain change are 4.04 nm/% and 3.574 µε, respectively. The obtained measurement sensitivity and resolution for pressure measurement were 0.0035 nm/kPa, and 0.286 kPa, respectively. The maximum measurement ranges of the hoop-strain sensor for strain and pressure measurement are larger than 1% and 800 kPa, respectively. INDEX TERMS Hoop-strain sensor, fiber Bragg grating, 3D printing, polylactic acid, circumferential strain.

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“…Recently, a Fiber Bragg Grating based pressure sensor has been designed, tested and fabricated [29]. With the technological advancement THz propagation based optical sensors are now showing good promise to be fabricated as well.…”

Section: Comparative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Design and Investigation of Circularly Segmented Air Holes-Assisted Hollow-Core Terahertz Waveguide as Optical Chemical Sensor

et al. 2021

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In this paper, a polarization-maintaining single-mode rectangular-shaped hollow-core waveguide with four segmented air cladding in the terahertz (THz) regime is presented for detecting various toxic industrial chemicals. A new type of injection moldable cyclic olefin copolymer, commercially named as TOPAS is used as the base fiber material for its high optical transmission and high resistance to other chemicals. The finite element method with a perfectly matched layer as the boundary condition is employed for numerical explorations. The proposed sensor exhibits ultra-high relative sensitivity of 99.73% and ultralow effective material loss of 0.007 cm -1 at 1.6 THz frequency for Toluene in y polarization. This sensor also evinces a high birefringence of 4.16×10 -3 at 1.6 THz frequency. A maximum V parameter of 2.224 has been found at 2.2 THz which ensures the single-mode propagation of light. The sensor shows a very low confinement loss of 3.2×10 -11 dB/m and a high numerical aperture of 0.3574 at 1.6 THz frequency for Hydrogen Sulfide. This paper also concentrates on other important design parameters such as bending loss, mode field radius, beam divergence and effective area for serviceability of the sensor in the THz region. This sensor can be a very good candidate for various chemical detection as well as other applications in the terahertz regime.

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Design, Fabrication and Testing of a 3D Printed FBG Pressure Sensor

Cited by 61 publications

References 28 publications

An FBG-based smart wearable ring fabricated using FDM for monitoring body joint motion

An FBG-based smart wearable ring fabricated using FDM for monitoring body joint motion

Development of a FBG Based Hoop-Strain Sensor Using 3D Printing Method

Numerical Design and Investigation of Circularly Segmented Air Holes-Assisted Hollow-Core Terahertz Waveguide as Optical Chemical Sensor

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