Development of a FBG Based Hoop-Strain Sensor Using 3D Printing Method

Hong, Chengyu; Zhang, Yifan; Su, Dong; Yin, Zhen‐Yu

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2933568

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the literature, most of the works used more rigid printing filaments than TPU like polylactic acid (PLA) or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) [32], [33], [34]. For instance, in [32], a 3-D-printed wearable hoop was manufactured in PLA and used for strain sensing. Results showed an S ε of 4 × 10 −2 nm/mε.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Infill Pattern and Density on the Response of 3-D-Printed Sensors Based on FBG Technology

et al. 2022

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Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are known for their uses in applications ranging from civil engineering to medicine. A bare FBG is small and light; hence, it can be easily embedded into hosting materials. However, conventional fabrication methods are generally time-consuming with reproducibility issues. A more recent strategy has been proposed to develop novel FBG-based systems by encapsulating the grating within 3-D-printed structures. This process, known as 3-D printing, is characterized by several advantages like rapid prototyping, printing precision, and high customization. The possibility of quickly personalizing the 3-D-printed sensors by customizing the infill settings makes this technique very appealing for medical purposes, especially for developing smart systems. However, the influence of printing settings on the sensor response has not been yet systematically addressed. This work aimed at combining FBG with the most popular 3-D printing technique (the fused deposition modeling [FDM]) to develop four 3-D-printed sensors with different printing profiles. We chose two patterns (triangle and gyroid) and two infill densities (30% and 60%) to investigate their influence on the sensors' response to strain, temperature, and relative humidity (RH), and on the hysteresis behavior. Then, we preliminary assess the sensor performance in a potential application scenario for FBG-based 3-D printing technology: the cardiorespiratory monitoring. The promising results confirm that our analysis can be considered the first effort to improve the knowledge about the influence of printing profiles on sensor performance and, consequently, pave the way to develop highly performant 3-D-printed sensors customized for specific applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Infill Pattern and Density on the Response of 3-D-Printed Sensors Based on FBG Technology

et al. 2022

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“…[ 176 ] On the other hand, PLA is preferred as the substrate or a protective material in sensor studies [ 203–205 ] due to its biodegradation feature. [ 206,207 ] This study examined only sensors that give electrical outputs. [ 208–210 ]…”

Section: Sustainable Materials In Flexible Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[176] On the other hand, PLA is preferred as the substrate or a protective material in sensor studies [203][204][205] due to its biodegradation feature. [206,207] This study examined only sensors that give electrical outputs. [208][209][210] Although PLA is not preferred as a transistor material, there are studies in the literature under the title of electrochemical organic transistors.…”

Section: Poly Lactic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Macromolecular Materials in Flexible Electronics

Kılıçarslan

Bozyel

Gökcen

et al. 2022

Macro Materials & Eng

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With advances in electronics, the concept of flexible electronics has left traditional designs behind. Many concepts, such as sensors, transistors, soft robotics, data, and energy storage devices have begun to find more widespread and flexible areas of use. From this point of view, using environmentally friendly, abundant, and renewable natural materials that reduce carbon emissions in the production and disposal of these components is the first step toward the concept of sustainable flexible electronics. This review deals with the integration of sustainable natural materials obtained from plant, animal, and bacterial sources into sensors, displays, data storage, power generation, and soft robotic systems, with appropriate examples compiled from the last ten years. In addition, limitations in the use of sustainable materials as flexible electronic components and their potential for use in innovative electronic applications in the future are foreseen.

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“…The available literature presents various applications for 3D-printed sensors encapsulating optical fibers. Some notable examples are monitoring of soil deformation [23], [26], [27], structural health [14], [16], [28]- [30], shape sensing [21], [31], pressure evaluation [14], [24], [26], [32]- [36], monitoring of prosthetic limbs [37], [38], and wearables for the measurement of physiological parameters such as joint angles [39], heart rate, and respiratory rate [22]. Due to the wide spectrum of potential applications, the shape and the material of the 3D-printed samples have usually been chosen ad hoc for the specific application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional-Printed Sensing Samples Embedding Fiber Bragg Gratings: Metrological Evaluation of Different Sample Materials and Fiber Coatings

Paloschi

Polimadei

Korganbayev

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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Embedding optical fibers with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors in 3D-printed samples can effectively facilitate the systematic use of smart materials in many fields such as civil, biomedical and soft robotics applications. The aim of the study is to analyze different combinations of filament materials and FBG coatings, and to assess their metrological characteristics. Eighteen samples are fabricated and tested under different mechanical and thermal conditions. The repeated tests allow to perform an evaluation of the measurement repeatability for each sample, along with an analysis of the samples sensitivity. The filaments employed are acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The fiber coatings are acrylate, Ormocer® and polyimide. The fiber coating has no significative influence on the performance of the sensors. The tests for temperature sensitivity highlight a good performance of ABS (116 pm/°C) and TPU samples (32 pm/°C) up to 60 °C, whereas the fabricated PLA samples (139 pm/°C for polyimide, 55 pm/°C for acrylate, 14 pm/°C for Ormocer®) cannot be used above 40 °C. The tests for strain sensitivity in axial elongation show an average sensitivity of 3.049 nm/mm for ABS, 1.991 nm/mm for PLA, 3.726 nm/mm for TPU. The bending tests show that all specimens materials have different sensitivity to elongation (2.994 nm/mm for ABS, 0.668 nm/mm for PLA, 0.149 nm/mm for TPU). Only for acrylate in PLA samples an effective difference for bending sensitivity resulted (1.241 nm/mm for the acrylate coating vs 2.366 nm/mm for the other coatings).

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Development of a FBG Based Hoop-Strain Sensor Using 3D Printing Method

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

The Effect of Infill Pattern and Density on the Response of 3-D-Printed Sensors Based on FBG Technology

The Effect of Infill Pattern and Density on the Response of 3-D-Printed Sensors Based on FBG Technology

Sustainable Macromolecular Materials in Flexible Electronics

Three-Dimensional-Printed Sensing Samples Embedding Fiber Bragg Gratings: Metrological Evaluation of Different Sample Materials and Fiber Coatings

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