Design, Implementation, and Deployment of Modular Battery Management System for IIoT-Based Applications

Abstract

This paper proposes design and implementation of a battery management system (BMS) for the industrial internet of things (IIoT) enabled applications. The hardware and software development of this BMS is briefly presented in this paper. In terms of hardware development, the presented BMS have modular topology and has 1) high fault tolerance and 2) has exceptionally flexible deployment owing to its topology having multiple local management units (LMUs) connected to a central management unit (CMU). This hardware design approach aims to address the overall design efficiency and cost trade-off of BMS deployment. The hardware design efficiency is tested using actual deployment. In terms of fault tolerance using 1 -3 LMUs at fault, the voltage monitoring accuracy is maintained for each LMUs. An average of 0.00017 V, 0.0008 V and 0.001 V voltage difference is yielded for 1, 2, and 3 modules at fault respectively. Additionally, core BMS sub-circuit is tested to verify hardware design efficiency such as the DC-to-DC converter which yielded 92.74%. Furthermore, the CMU is integrated with a wireless communication circuit that enables IIoTbased applications such as the emerging edge-based, and a plethora of intelligent deployment. In terms of software, the presented BMS aims to realize state-of-the-art processing through IIoT based approach. For software testing and verification, the BMS is deployed to an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV). The signal stability is tested for UGV based application at a 3500s deployment time whereas an average of 0.0010V voltage difference is yielded. This is verified using time markers which is further analyzed using softwarebased signal processing and acquisition simulation. Concisely, the proposed BMS aims to converge IIoT applications to its actual deployment. The proposed BMS is designed, implemented, and successfully deployed to test its viability both in the simulation platform and actual deployment.INDEX TERMS Battery management system, edge processing, industrial IoT, lithium-ion, modular architecture.

Review of Management System and State-of-Charge Estimation Methods for Electric Vehicles

“…It can also be linked with the other services to provide real-time data present in the system. In [44], the design, deployment and implementation of a modular BMS is discussed for IoT applications. The main advantage of the BMS is improved manageability.…”

Development of a battery management system for Centralized Control of a Battery Cluster

“…Additionally, in [9]- [10] the authors provided an extensive overview of the BMS designs for the application in the smart grid environment. Furthermore, the papers [11]- [12] deal with the advanced design of the BMS. In [11] the authors presented design and implementation of a BMS for the industrial internet of things (IIoT) enabled applications, while in [12] the authors presented the development of a BMS whose operation is based on the application of an Multi-Objective Gravitational Search Algorithm to schedule the best battery allocation.…”