Design, manufacturing, and testing of a variable stiffness composite cylinder

Rouhi, Mohammad; Ghayoor, Hossein; Fortin-Simpson, Jeffrey; Zacchia, Tom Trung; Hoa, Suong V.; Hojjati, Mehdi

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.09.090

Cited by 61 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It corresponds to a multiple of a tow width. The controlled deposition of fibers on complex geometries, even using fiber steering is challenging for following reasons [28,29]:…”

Section: Manufacturing Induced Imperfectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 7). Due to fiber steering and complex surfaces fiber undulations within the ply plane occur (in-plane waviness) [21,28,30,45,46]. Fiber angle deviations in laminate thickness direction often emerge as secondary phenomenon (out-of-plane waviness).…”

Section: Type Iii-wavinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frayed fiber material, usually at the edges of the narrow tow causes fuzz formation (i.e., fuzzy edges and fuzzballs) [25,28]. Any part of the ATL/AFP machine that is in contact with the fiber tow interacts with the fiber material.…”

Section: Type X-fuzz Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, width fluctuations of the fiber tow facilitates the formation of fuzz. Depending on the severity, machine downtime may result from fuzz formation [28]. Incorporated fuzzballs might also induce local fiber angle deviation and fiber waviness.…”

Section: Type X-fuzz Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manufacturing-Induced Imperfections in Composite Parts Manufactured via Automated Fiber Placement

2019

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The automated fiber placement process (AFP) enables the manufacturing of large and geometrical complex fiber composite structures with high quality at low cycle times. Although the AFP process is highly accurate and reproducible, manufacturing induced imperfections in the produced composite structure occur. This review summarizes and classifies typical AFP-related manufacturing defects. Several methodologies for evaluating the effects of such manufacturing defects from the literature are reviewed. This review paper presents recent scientific contributions and discusses proposed experimental and simulation-based methodologies. Among the identified ten defect classes, gaps and overlaps are predominant. This paper focuses then on methods for modelling and assessing gaps and overlaps. The state of the art in modelling gaps and overlaps and assessing their influence on mechanical properties is presented. Finally, research gaps and remaining issues are identified.

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“…It corresponds to a multiple of a tow width. The controlled deposition of fibers on complex geometries, even using fiber steering is challenging for following reasons [28,29]:…”

Section: Manufacturing Induced Imperfectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Type Iii-wavinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Type X-fuzz Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Type X-fuzz Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manufacturing-Induced Imperfections in Composite Parts Manufactured via Automated Fiber Placement

2019

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“…Since, the benefits of VAT have been used and researched numerically into increasing mechanical properties, such as stiffness [19], buckling [10,18,20,44] and post-buckling [43,42,35] capabilities for laminates alone, or along the interac- tion of stiffeners in a bay design [15,32] and linear buckling of VAT filament-wound cylinders [38]. These benefits have been proven in experiments to increase properties in different applications, such as bending [37] and buckling for cylinders [24,25] and plates [27,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of fibre steered plates with coupled thickness variation from overlapping continuous tows

Vertonghen¹,

Castro²

2020

Preprint

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Previous research has hinted on further improvements of the buckling behaviour of variable-stiffness laminates by incorporating overlaps, resulting in a variable thickness profile that is non-linearly coupled to the steering angles. The present study compares two modelling strategies to consider the variable thickness distribution: 1) as manufactured with discrete thicknesses; and 2) smoothed with a continuous thickness distribution. The as-manufactured discrete thickness created by overlapping tows is obtained by means of virtually manufactured laminates. The smeared approximation is much simpler to implement, whereby the local thickness is a non-linear function of the local steering angle. Linear buckling analyses are performed by means of fast semi-analytical models based on the Ritz method using hierarchical polynomials and classical plate formulation. By assuming a smooth manufacturing mould on one side, a one-sided thickness variation is produced, resulting in non-symmetric laminates for which the mid-plane surface is varied accordingly. Modelling guidelines are provided regarding the use of the smeared model in a study covering a wide range of geometries, loading and boundary conditions. With these guidelines, one can apply the smeared thickness technique in semi-analytical models to reach a correlation within ±5% compared to a costly discrete-thickness finite element model.

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Influence of variable‐stiffness layup configuration on curing deformation of curved‐surface structures

Niu

Yao

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Accurate prediction the curing‐induced deformation is the key to the fabrication of high‐quality composite structures. Aiming at controlling shape distortion of curved‐surface parts during curing process, a layup optimization strategy is proposed based on a variable stiffness (VS) placement method, which uses geodesic curves as fiber‐tow paths. Taking an offset parabolic antenna reflector (PAR) for example, chemical shrinkage and thermal deformation of curved‐surface composites during the curing process and after demolding are modeled. By combining Fourier heat conduction theory, curing kinetics, and generalized Maxwell viscoelastic model, the interactions between chemical cross‐link reaction, heat transfer, and mechanical deformation are taken into account. By comparing the deformation characteristics of VS and traditional constant stiffness structures, the proposed simulation strategy of curing process for composites can predict the factors that influence the curing deformation of VS structures are analyzed. The results show that the maximum of VS PAR decreases by 11.02%, and the average magnitude decreases by 32.35%.

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Design, manufacturing, and testing of a variable stiffness composite cylinder

Cited by 61 publications

References 22 publications

Manufacturing-Induced Imperfections in Composite Parts Manufactured via Automated Fiber Placement

Manufacturing-Induced Imperfections in Composite Parts Manufactured via Automated Fiber Placement

Modelling of fibre steered plates with coupled thickness variation from overlapping continuous tows

Influence of variable‐stiffness layup configuration on curing deformation of curved‐surface structures

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