“…The most popular built-in test approach for RF transceivers is the loop-back test where the test signals are generated in the baseband and the transmitter's output is switched to the receiver's input to analyse the test response also in the baseband [12,19,28,31]. Another popular builtin test technique relies on the use of envelope detectors [6,7,18,29,32] and current sensors [11,15] to extract DC/low-frequency test signatures that nevertheless carry RF information. Finally, alternate test is a generic technique that aims to map low-cost measurements to the RF performances [13,16,25,30], thus circumventing the need to measure directly the RF performances.…”