Design of a freeform lens array based on an adjustable Cartesian candela distribution

Lin, Shuyan; Yu, Jia; Cai, Jing; Chen, Enguo; Xu, Sheng; Ye, Yun; Guo, Tailiang

doi:10.1080/09500340.2019.1687773

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The MLA's free‐form surface‐shaped curve is constructed based on the energy mapping relationship between the luminous surface and the emission surface. The light source and the emission surface are divided into a three‐dimensional angle with the same luminous flux and the same area, 17 then controlling the luminous flux within each stereo angle incident to the corresponding area to form a cross‐sectional curve in the space, respectively 18 . The vectorial relationship between two adjacent points on the surface‐shaped curve is shown in Figure 3A, and their vectorial relationship expressions can be obtained by the law of refraction as follows 19 :

({, \begin{matrix} \overset{T_{i}}{true} goodbreak= \begin{matrix} lefttrue \\ \frac{n (X_{i + 1} - X_{i})}{\sqrt{{(X_{i + 1} - X_{i})}^{2} + {(Z_{i + 1} - Z_{i})}^{2}}} \\ - \frac{(X_{j} goodbreak- X_{i})}{\sqrt{{(X_{j} - X_{i})}^{2} + {(Z_{j} - Z_{i})}^{2}}}, \end{matrix} \\ \overset{N_{i}}{true} goodbreak= \begin{matrix} lefttrue \\ \frac{n (Z_{i + 1} - Z_{i})}{\sqrt{{(X_{i + 1} - X_{i})}^{2} + {(Z_{i + 1} - Z_{i})}^{2}}} \\ - \frac{(Z_{j} goodbreak- Z_{i})}{\sqrt{{(X_{j} - X_{i})}^{2} + {(Z_{j} - Z_{i})}^{2}}}, \end{matrix} \\ \overset{T_{i}}{true} goodbreak\times \overset{N_{i}}{true} goodbreak= 0 . \end{matrix})

…”

Section: System Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The light source and the emission surface are divided into a three-dimensional angle with the same luminous flux and the same area, 17 then controlling the luminous flux within each stereo angle incident to the corresponding area to form a cross-sectional curve in the space, respectively. 18 The vectorial relationship between two adjacent points on the surface-shaped curve is shown in Figure 3A, and their vectorial relationship expressions can be obtained by the law of refraction as follows 19 :…”

Section: Mla Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly efficient and ultra‐compact micro‐LED pico‐projector based on a microlens array

Jiang

Yan

et al. 2023

J Soc Info Display

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Pico-projection displays are the main developing direction for future projection displays, but the balance between the optical efficiency and the system size is still a big concern. This paper presents a pico-projector design based on micro-LED (μLED) light sources. Firstly, based on the analysis of the characteristics of μLED, a highly integrated microlens array is designed to improve the system efficiency by reshaping the spatial light distribution. In addition, the matching relationship between the aperture angle of projection lens and the divergence angle of μLED is studied, and on this basis, a set of four-piece spherical lens group is proposed to achieve compact size. Simulation results show that the μLED equipped with the microlens array can concentrate about 86% of the light energy within a dispersion angle of ±20 , thus increasing the light energy utilization by about 3.5 times and reducing the size of the pico-projector to 30.18 mm 3 . The designed pico-projector has high performance and compact size with great potential for future applications.

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({, \begin{matrix} \overset{T_{i}}{true} goodbreak= \begin{matrix} lefttrue \\ \frac{n (X_{i + 1} - X_{i})}{\sqrt{{(X_{i + 1} - X_{i})}^{2} + {(Z_{i + 1} - Z_{i})}^{2}}} \\ - \frac{(X_{j} goodbreak- X_{i})}{\sqrt{{(X_{j} - X_{i})}^{2} + {(Z_{j} - Z_{i})}^{2}}}, \end{matrix} \\ \overset{N_{i}}{true} goodbreak= \begin{matrix} lefttrue \\ \frac{n (Z_{i + 1} - Z_{i})}{\sqrt{{(X_{i + 1} - X_{i})}^{2} + {(Z_{i + 1} - Z_{i})}^{2}}} \\ - \frac{(Z_{j} goodbreak- Z_{i})}{\sqrt{{(X_{j} - X_{i})}^{2} + {(Z_{j} - Z_{i})}^{2}}}, \end{matrix} \\ \overset{T_{i}}{true} goodbreak\times \overset{N_{i}}{true} goodbreak= 0 . \end{matrix})

…”

Section: System Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mla Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient and ultra‐compact micro‐LED pico‐projector based on a microlens array

Jiang

Yan

et al. 2023

J Soc Info Display

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Research related to modulating the light distributions using secondary optical elements have also been reported. Run et al designed a new free-form surface lens whose inner surface is a cylinder and outer surface is a free-form surface to optimize the light-emitting angles; Lin et al proposed a Cartesian candela-distributed freeform lens array to optimize the LED lens array layout to achieve wide angles [35,36]. In addition, research on modulation of the light shape for Chip Scale Package-Light-emitting diode (CSP LEDs) include changing the traditional packaging structures and light distribution optimization for flat light sources [37,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Reflective Thin-Film Optimization for Full-Angle Micro-LEDs

Ho²,

Chen

2021

Nanoscale Res Lett

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Displays composed of micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) are regarded as promising next-generation self-luminous screens and have advantages such as high contrast, high brightness, and high color purity. The luminescence of such a display is similar to that of a Lambertian light source. However, owing to reduction in the light source area, traditional secondary optical lenses are not suitable for adjusting the light field types of micro-LEDs and cause problems that limit the application areas. This study presents the primary optical designs of dielectric and metal films to form highly reflective thin-film coatings with low absorption on the light-emitting surfaces of micro-LEDs to optimize light distribution and achieve full-angle utilization. Based on experimental results with the prototype, that have kept low voltage variation rates, low optical losses characteristics, and obtain the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the light distribution is enhanced to 165° and while the center intensity is reduced to 63% of the original value. Hence, a full-angle micro-LEDs with a highly reflective thin-film coating are realized in this work. Full-angle micro-LEDs offer advantages when applied to commercial advertising displays or plane light source modules that require wide viewing angles.

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“…Zhu et al proposed a free-form surface design method for LEDs to achieve diffusion and transmission. This lighting system affords advantages such as high efficiency and high uniformity [ 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-LEDs with Diffuse Reflection Cavity Arrays and Quantum Dot Film for Thin, Large-Area, High-Luminance Flat Light Source

Cheng

Liu³

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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Mini-light-emitting diodes (mini-LEDs) were combined with multiple three-dimensional (3D) diffuse reflection cavity arrays (DRCAs) to produce thin, large-area, high-brightness, flat light source modules. The curvature of the 3D free-form DRCA was optimized to control its light path; this increased the distance between light sources and reduced the number of light sources used. Experiments with a 12.3-inch prototype indicated that 216 mini-LEDs were required for a 6 mm optical mixing distance to achieve a thin, large-area surface with high brightness, uniformity, and color saturation of 23,044 cd/m2, 90.13%, and 119.2, respectively. This module can serve as the local dimming backlight in next generation automotive displays.

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Design of a freeform lens array based on an adjustable Cartesian candela distribution

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Highly efficient and ultra‐compact micro‐LED pico‐projector based on a microlens array

Highly efficient and ultra‐compact micro‐LED pico‐projector based on a microlens array

Highly Reflective Thin-Film Optimization for Full-Angle Micro-LEDs

Mini-LEDs with Diffuse Reflection Cavity Arrays and Quantum Dot Film for Thin, Large-Area, High-Luminance Flat Light Source

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