MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) technology has undergone
almost 40 years of development, with significant technology advancement and
successful commercialization of single-functional MEMS devices, such as pressure
sensors, accelerometers, gyroscopes, microphones, micro-mirrors, etc. In this
context of MEMS technology, this paper introduces our studies and developments
of novel micro/nano-mechanical sensors and actuators based on silicon-
on-insulator (SOI)-MEMS technology, as well as fundamental research on
piezoresistive effects in single-crystal silicon nanowires (SiNWs). In the first
area, novel mechanical sensors, such as 6-DOF micro-force moment sensors,
multi-axis inertial sensors and micro-electrostatic actuators developed with
SOI-MEMS technology will be presented. In the second area, we have combined
atomic-level simulation and experimental evaluation methods to explain the giant
piezoresistive effect in single crystalline SiNWs along different
crystallographic orientations. This discovery is significant for developing more
highly sensitive and miniaturized mechanical sensors in the near future.