Design of a quartz crystal with transparent electrode used for both QCM-D and LSPR technology

Zhu, Jin; Huang, Shengping; Ye, Junyu; Zhang, Xiaoqing; Liu, Guohua

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2015.03.039

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…, the spacer dielectric thickness and/or material. , Here we deposited 100 nm of dense SiO 2 by PECVD on a commercial SC-cut 10 MHz QCM crystal with standard Au electrode ( i.e. , no custom-made crystals are necessary as used in earlier approaches combining LSPR with QCM ,, ), onto which Pd and PdAu alloy nanoparticles (in the form of nanodisks) with different composition (Pd 100– x Au x , x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 at. %, diameter and height of 190 and 25 nm, respectively) were fabricated by hole–mask colloidal lithography following our established homogeneous-alloy-formation approach. , The nanoparticles occupy ca.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universal Scaling and Design Rules of Hydrogen-Induced Optical Properties in Pd and Pd-Alloy Nanoparticles

et al. 2018

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Hydride-forming metal nanoparticles sustaining localized surface plasmon resonance have emerged as prototypical material to study the fundamentals of hydrogen-induced phase transformations. They have also been proposed as signal transducers in next-generation hydrogen sensors. However, despite high current interest in hydrogen sorption by nanomaterials in general and such sensors in particular, the correlations between nanoparticle size, shape, and composition, the amount of hydrogen absorbed, and the obtained optical response have not been systematically experimentally studied. Focusing on hydrogenated Pd, PdAu- and PdCu-alloy nanoparticles, which are of particular interest in hysteresis-free plasmonic hydrogen sensing, we find that at practically important Au/Pd and Cu/Pd ratios the optical response to hydrogen concentration is linear and, more interestingly, can be described by a single universal linear trend if constructed as a function of the H/Pd ratio, independent of alloy composition. In addition to this correlation, we establish that the amplitude of optical signal change is defined solely by the spectral plasmon resonance position in the non-hydrogenated state for a specific nanoparticle composition. Thus, it can be maximized by red-shifting the LSPR into the NIR spectral range via tailoring the particle size and shape. These findings further establish plasmonic sensing as an effective tool for studying metal-hydrogen interactions in nanoparticles of complex chemical composition. They also represent universal design rules for metal-hydride-based plasmonic hydrogen sensors, and our theoretical analysis predicts that they are applicable not only to the H/Pd/Au or H/Pd/Cu system investigated here but also to other H/Pd/Metal combinations.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universal Scaling and Design Rules of Hydrogen-Induced Optical Properties in Pd and Pd-Alloy Nanoparticles

et al. 2018

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“…The inner and outer radius and thickness of the ring-shaped gold electrode, as well as the radius and thickness of the circular gold electrode, have a direct impact on the performance of QCM. We chose the electrodes with a thickness of 100 nm and a quartz crystal with a thickness of 333 μm to study the effect of the size of the electrode radius on the resonant frequency of QCM [ 38 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Dual-Technology Fusion Sensor Chip with a Ring Electrode for Biosensing Application

Zhu

et al. 2019

Micromachines

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Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is still a new high-precision surface detection technique. However, the adsorption quality detected by the QCM currently contains a solvent-coupling quality and cannot separate the actual biomolecular mass. Local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) can detect the mass of biomolecules, but requires a certain contrast between the solvent of the surrounding medium and the refractive index of the adsorbed layer. The sensor chip, combining two compatible technologies, can realize the simultaneous detection of biomolecules and improve the refractive index sensitivity. The structure of our chip is to prepare the ring-shaped gold electrode on the upper surface of the quartz crystal, the circular gold electrode on the bottom surface, and the spherical gold nanoparticles arrays in the center region of the ring electrode to form a QCM/LSPR dual-technology chip. Through simulation, we finally get the size of the best energy trap by the two electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface: the ring-top electrode with a thickness of 100 nm, an inner diameter of 4 mm, and an outer diameter of 8 mm; and the bottom electrode with a thickness of 100 nm and a radius of 6 mm. By comparing the refractive index sensitivity, we chose a spherical gold nanoparticle with a radius of 30 nm and a refractive sensitivity of 61.34 nm/RIU to design the LSPR sensor chip.

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“…QCM has been combined in the past with closely related, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectroscopy to correlate analyte-dependent changes to mass as well as refractive index. The techniques were originally combined with a view to eliminate variation in experimental parameters through cross-validation. − LSPR and SES sensors such as SERS and MEF share in common the use of the plasmonic attributes of the metal nanostructures for transduction, albeit to sense refractive index changes in the case of LSPR and vibrational Raman or fluorescence in the case of SES. Despite the similarities with the LSPR sensors, SES sensors have independent considerations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Analyte Surface Densities and Their Distribution with Respect to Electromagnetic Hot Spots in Plasmon-Enhanced Spectroscopic Biosensors

et al. 2021

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Nanoplasmonic sensors based on surface-enhanced spectroscopies carry profound promise toward ultrasensitive detection of biomolecular analytes within miniaturized measurement footprints. High sensitivity in these sensors is achieved by intense electromagnetic (EM) enhancements at hot spots and colocalization of analytes with such hot spots. However, EM hot spots exhibiting high EM enhancements often present confined areas that render them inaccessible to large analytes such as biomolecules. Addressing this requires rational engineering of a nanoplasmonic interface that factors in the analyte surface concentrations and how they are distributed with respect to the EM hot spots. Here we demonstrate combination of metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) through fabrication of highly resolved plasmonic nanoarrays directly on the QCM sensor. QCM and MEF are simultaneously employed to monitor in situ, real-time binding of fluorescently labeled protein to receptor-functionalized plasmonic arrays. The correlation between the QCM and MEF responses is used to quantify surface density of protein that contributes to the MEF signal intensities and obtain analyte distribution with respect to the EM hot spots by geometric modeling. Results further reveal the MEF assays to be sensitive down to ∼2 zmol of protein within measurement footprints that are 8 orders of magnitude smaller than that of the QCM.

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Design of a quartz crystal with transparent electrode used for both QCM-D and LSPR technology

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Universal Scaling and Design Rules of Hydrogen-Induced Optical Properties in Pd and Pd-Alloy Nanoparticles

Universal Scaling and Design Rules of Hydrogen-Induced Optical Properties in Pd and Pd-Alloy Nanoparticles

Design of a Dual-Technology Fusion Sensor Chip with a Ring Electrode for Biosensing Application

Quantifying Analyte Surface Densities and Their Distribution with Respect to Electromagnetic Hot Spots in Plasmon-Enhanced Spectroscopic Biosensors

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